最新高考英语阅读理解(时文广告)练习题及答案含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解时文广告类

1．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Once again DC Comics and Warner Bros. have divided fans and critics over their latest superhero film.

There had been worrying news about Justice League in the months before its release, with a lot of reshoots of scenes, a new director being brought in to finish the film after original director Zack Snyder's tragic loss of his daughter and, of course, a lot of talk about Ben Affleck's future in the role of Batman.

Some people are saying that Justice League is another big disappointment, that it could have been incredible and instead fails to really entertain. Others say that Warner Bros. have finally got it right and that the future for the League looks bright.

My opinion lies somewhere in the middle. The film was by no means a disappointment: it was exciting, funny and a lot of fun to watch. There's something special about watching the heroes from your childhood brought to life on the big screen and maybe that is affecting my opinion. However, I will say that a lot of work needs to be done if the producer wants to make a great success. Although the film was good, it was obvious which scenes had been reshot and how the characters had been changed. I also have to mention the several scenes in which the special effects were very badly done; these are the kinds of problems that you don't expect to see in a film with such a big budget.

Another point to add is that it is good to see the producer making Superman slightly a brighter character and adding some jokes to the plot to keep things fun. But the producer must be careful not to make the mistake that another film producer—here, not mentioning the name—is coming very close to doing: turning all of the films into bright and colorful shows and losing a lot of seriously good stories.

In the end, Justice League is not a perfect film but it is definitely not a terrible one. A lot of work is still to be done but I hope that DC does not completely lose its darker side. （1）Before the release of Justice League, many people showed their ______. A. pity for the director, Zack Snyder B. concern about the film's quality C. higher expectation of the new director D. support for the actor, Ben Affleck （2）According to the author, what's special about Justice League? A. It advocates social justice. B. It brings lots of fun to the audience. C. It has some brave heroes. D. It brings back childhood memories. （3）In Paragraph 5 the author mainly wants to express his ______.

A. views on the film's weakness B. advice to the film's director C. love for the film D. expectation of the film's sequels （4）The author mentioned another film producer to ______. A. stress the importance of fun in a film B. show Justice League's lack of a serious plot C. serve as a warning to the producer of Justice League D. set an example for the producer of Justice League 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作者对《正义联盟》这部电影的看法。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的\"There had been worrying news about Justice League in the months before its release, with a lot of reshoots of scenes, a new director being brought in to finish the film after original director Zack Snyder's tragic loss of his daughter\"可知，在《正义联盟》上映前的几个月里，一直有令人担忧的消息，原导演扎克·斯奈德因女儿离世而无法继续拍摄，所以一位新导演来继续拍摄，很多场景都进行了重新拍摄，由此可知，在上映之前，很多人都很担心《正义联盟》的质量，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的\"There's something special about watching the heroes from your childhood brought to life on the big screen and maybe that is affecting my opinion.\"可知，作者说在大银幕上看到童年时代的英雄们变得栩栩如生的感觉很特别，可知，作者认为《正义联盟》的特别之处是它能唤起童年的回忆，故选D。

（3）考查段落大意。根据第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍了《正义联盟》这部电影存在很多不足，比如重拍的场景很明显、角色的改变也有缺陷以及几个场景的特效很糟糕，同时指出如果制片人想取得巨大成功，还需要做很多工作，由此可知，作者在这一段主要表达他对这部电影的不足之处的看法，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的\"But the producer must be careful not to make the mistake that another film producer—here, not mentioning the name—is coming very close to doing: turning all of the films into bright and colorful shows and losing a lot of seriously good stories.\"可知，但制片人必须小心，不要和另一个制片人一样犯这种错误：把所有的电影都变成亮丽多彩的表演，而失去很多非常好的故事，由此可知作者提到另一个制片人就是提醒《正义联盟》的制片人不要犯同样的错误，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇影评，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

The Museum of Eton Life

The Museum of Eton Life brings alive various aspects of the Eton experience across six centuries. It is housed in an undercroft (地窖) below College Hall, a space that was used to store

beer for the scholarship boys until the early 20th century. Established as a museum in 1985, it now houses permanent and temporary displays exploring life at Eton College.

In 2016, the museum launched a new permanent display showcasing materials which illustrate the boarding life of boys at the school in the 21st century. There is also an annually changing display exploring new and different stories and presenting rarely seen objects from the collection. Visitors can discover Eton s history and traditions, famous Old Etonians (from poets to, Prime Ministers) and sports including the Wall Came, as well as find out about what and where pupils learn, eat and live. Access and Enquiries

Opening hours: Sunday afternoons 2:30 —5 :00 pm.

Please contact the Museum Officer to arrange an appointment to visit the museum outside opening hours or to enquire about this collection.

The museum is located in Brewhouse Yard, accessed from Eton High Street via Baldwin's Shore. Please check the access page for further details on opening times. The museums may close due to holidays or exceptional circumstances.

Please access the Collections Learning page for more information. （1）When was the museum started? A.Six centuries ago. B.In 1985.

C.In the early 20th century, D.In 2016.

（2）What do you learn about the exhibits? A.They explore different aspects of Eton Life. B.They are a collection of old objects of Eton. C.They are changed for new ones every year. D.They are materials about 0ld Etonians.

（3）How can a visitor get access outside opening hours? A.He can go any time on Sundays. B.By walking in via Baldwin's Shore. C.He'll have to make an appointment. D.By showing Collections Learning page. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了伊顿公学博物馆的相关内容，以及如何进行参观。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Established as a museum in 1985, it now houses permanent and temporary displays exploring life at Eton College. ”伊顿公学博物馆建于1985年，现为伊顿公学探索生活的永久性和临时性的展览场所，可知，伊顿公学博物馆建于1985年。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Visitors can discover Eton s history and traditions,

famous Old Etonians ( from poets to, Prime Ministers) and sports including the Wall Came, as well as find out about what and where pupils learn, eat and live. ”游客可以发现伊顿公学的历史和传统，著名的老伊顿人（从诗人到）和包括Wall Came在内的体育,以及了解学生们学习、饮食和生活的地方)可知，游客可以在伊顿公学博物馆探索伊顿生活的各个方面，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段中的“ Please contact the Museum Officer to arrange an appointment to visit the museum outside opening hours or to enquire about this collection.”请联络博物馆职员安排在开放时间以外参观博物馆的预约或查询有关藏品，可知，游客如果要在非开放时间参观，需要联系博物馆职员进行预约。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Your creativity and ideas can help other teachers. Submit your art lesson plan or activity today. Don't forget to include additional resource documents or a photo. Wet Chalk Painting Grades: K -4th

Lesson Plan Objectives: Development of fine motor skills (协调性) and creatively expressing the child's ideas and thoughts by a new medium.

Materials Needed: Colored chalk, water, drawing paper, sponge, and newspapers.

Lesson Procedure: Dip the colored chalk into water and draw on the paper. Another way is to put the drawing paper on newspapers, dampen it with a wet sponge, and then draw. Submitted by: Jack

Sidewalk Drawing Grades: K -5th

Lesson Plan Objectives : Development of the creative process by doing artistic drawings in a new way and development of fine and gross motor skills (全身协调性). Materials Needed: Sidewalk or outdoor chalk and lots of sidewalk.

Lesson Procedure: Give the children the chalk and let them draw whatever they choose on the sidewalk. You may also consider using this in teaching some other lessons (i. e. science). Submitted by: Peter

Rose - Colored Lorgnette Grades: Any

Materials Needed: Half an egg carton (包装盒), scissors, glue, colored paper, scotch tape (通明胶带) and a seven inch stick.

Lesson Plan Objectives: Child will construct an object that allows them to view the world in a variety of colors and will learn why certain objects in their colored environment look the way they do when certain colors are mixed.

Lesson Plan Procedure: Cut windows in the bumps of half an egg carton. Glue circles of colored cellophane over the windows with rubber cement. Tape on a stick for a holder. Submitted by: Jennifer

（1）Which art lesson plan is presented by Jennifer? A.Wet Chalk Painting. B.Sidewalk Drawing.

C.Rose - Colored Lorgnette. D.Rainbow Fan.

（2）What common material does Wet Chalk Painting and Sidewalk Drawing require? A.Scissors. B.Chalk. C.Stick. D.Sponge.

（3）Rose - Colored Lorgnette is aimed at ___. A.encouraging the child to paint at will B.developing the child's motor skills C.expressing the child's ideas and thoughts D.bettering the child's understanding of colors 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三种美术课程的信息。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Rose - Colored Lorgnette Grades: Any部分中的“Submitted by: ennifer”由Jennifer提出，可知，Rose - Colored Lorgnette是由Jennifer提出的。故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据Wet Chalk Painting Grades: K -4th部分中的“Materials Needed : Colored chalk, water, drawing paper, sponge, and newspapers.”所需材料:彩色粉笔、水、图画纸、海绵和报纸；以及Sidewalk Drawing Grades: K -5th部分中的“Materials Needed : Sidewalk or outdoor chalk and lots of sidewalk.”所需材料:人行道或户外粉笔和大量的人行道)可知湿粉笔画和人行道画需要粉笔。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Rose - Colored Lorgnette Grades: Any部分中的“Lesson Plan Objectives: Child will construct an object that allows them to view the world in a variety of colors and will learn why certain objects in their colored environment look the way they do when certain colors are mixed.”课程目标：让孩子建构一个物体，让他们以不同的颜色来观察世界，并让他们了解为什么某些物体在有颜色的环境中会呈现出不同的颜色，可知，Rose - Colored Lorgnette旨在提高孩子对颜色的理解。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

A Christmas Carol was written by Charles Dickens. The first 6,000 copies of the book were sold out in a week. And the book has inspired many plays and movies. The first play was put on in 1844. The first two movies were silent films made in 1901 and 1908. Since then, the story has been remade more than 60 times for television and cinema. What makes such a tale so attractive? Audiences have always loved a good plot, a villain(反面人物) who harms other people or breaks the law, and the ending of right over wrong. The book offers all three.

The book tells the story of a man named Ebenezer Scrooge. He is mean and cruel(残忍的) to his clerk and turns away his only living relative. One night, Scrooge is visited by three spirits. The first shows scenes from Scrooge's youth that led to this present state. The second takes him to the homes of his clerk and his nephew. Here Scrooge sees that people can be happy without lots of money. The spirit also shows him the desperate poor people of London. The third spirit shows Scrooge will die alone, and no one will care if he continues to live as he has. At last the message is understood, and Scrooge repents. He becomes generous and caring to all around him, especially to his clerk's sick son, Tiny Tim.

Every year, thousands of people watch A Christmas Carol. Why? They may be touched by its lessons on the true meanings of wealth and happiness. They may enjoy the special effects and feelings or watching every year may be just a habit. Viewers never seem to grow tired of the old miser(守财奴), Scrooge, and his dramatic message of hope and change. （1）What do we know about the book A Christmas Carol? A.It was written in the early 19th century. B.Dickens completed the book in a week. C.It has been adapted for cinema and television. D.It didn't attract readers when published for the first time. （2）The third spirit shows Scrooge . A.where he will die and who will care about him B.how others care about his present life C.when and how he will die alone D.what his future life will be like

（3）The underlined part \"Scrooge repents\" probably means . A.Scrooge feels sorry for what he has done B.Scrooge does things as he did before C.Scrooge is angry with the three spirits

D.Scrooge gives the three spirits a hand 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，叙述了狄更斯的出名作品《圣诞颂歌》，介绍了它的主要内容。这本书被改变成多部电视剧和电影，很受人们的欢迎。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Since then, the story has been remade more than 60 times for television and cinema.”可知，它被改编成电视剧和电影。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The third spirit shows Scrooge will die alone...”可知，第三个精灵向他展示他将孤独地死去。由此可以推断出，第三个精灵把他带入了一个未来的世界，让他看到未来自己的结局。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“He becomes generous and caring to all around him, especially to his clerk's sick son, Tiny Tim.”吝啬鬼改变了以前的做法，他感觉以前的做法对不住人，后悔以前所做的一切。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Here list some biggest and best bookstores in Beijing: Wangfujing Xinhua Bookstore

It is the one of the best bookstores in Beijing and largest chain bookshop in China with thousands of branches. It offers a large collection of books involving politics, economics, literature, education, art and science, with a total number of nearly 200,000 books. VCDs, DVDs and digital reading materials can also be found in the bookshop. Opening Hours: 09:00 - 21:30

Location: No.218, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District (next to Oriental Plaza) China Bookstore

As one of the best bookstores in Beijing, it is not a very big one, but it offers many traditional Chinese literature works. The new books here are at an 80% discount normally, while there are some second hand books as well at much cheaper prices. Additionally, you will find an impressive selection of books on Chinese painting, calligraphy and photography. Opening Hours: 09:00 - 17:00 (Weekdays)

Location: No.115, East Liulichang Street, Xicheng District Beijing Language and Culture University Press Bookstore

This is the best one from which to buy Chinese language learning books of all levels. There are also dictionaries, encyclopedias, linguistic books and reading materials from which to choose. Opening Hours: 09:00 - 17:00 (Weekdays) 09:00 - 16:00 (Weekends) Location: Chengfu Rd, Haidian District Beijing Book Building

There is a great variety of books from which you may choose. In this biggest bookstore in Beijing, you will find books written in English in the basement, and there are many Chinese language learning materials on the third floor. The personnel in the bookshop are very helpful, and they speak English. Opening Hours: 09:00 - 21:00

Location: No.17, West Changan Avenue, Xicheng District

（1）Where are you most likely to find affordable new books at a lower price? A.Chengfu Rd, Haidian District.

B.No.218, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District. C.No.17, West Changan Avenue, Xicheng District. D.No.115, East Liulichang Street, Xicheng District.

（2）Which bookstore has the longest opening hours on weekdays? A.China Bookstore.

B.Wangfujing Xinhua Bookstore.

C.Beijing Language and Culture University Press Bookstore. D.Beijing Book Building.

（3）What is special about Beijing Book Building? A.It sells Chinese language learning books. B.It features the largest variety of books. C.It has many floors and sections. D.Its staff can communicate in English. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了北京几家规模最大最棒的书店。

（1）考查细节理解。根据China Bookstore部分中的“The new books here are at an 80% discount normally, while there are some second hand books as well at much cheaper prices.”可知中国书店新书打8折，二手书很多，价格更便宜。书店位置在No.115, East Liulichang Street, Xicheng District.故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Wangfujing Xinhua Bookstore 部分中的“ Opening Hours: 09:00 - 21:30 ”;China Bookstore 部分中的“ Opening Hours: 09:00 - 17:00 (Weekdays)”;Beijing Language and Culture University Press Bookstore 部分中的“ Opening Hours: 09:00 - 17:00 (Weekdays) ”;Beijing Book Building部分中的“Opening Hours: 09:00 - 21:00”可知4家书店的营业时间中Wangfujing Xinhua Bookstore工作日营业时间最长。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Beijing Book Building部分中的“ The personnel in the bookshop are very helpful, and they speak English.”北京图书大厦的特色是员工会说英语。而前三个选项是书店共有的特点，不是北京图书大厦的特色。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

\"Museum of the World\" Travel Plan Here's the travel plan for some of the more unusual museums on our \"Museum of the World\" tour. I'll send you the full itinerary (行程) next week. The Museum of Bad Art (MOBA) (Boston USA) shows what it describes as \"art too bad to be ignored\". The museum hopes to bring the worst of art to the widest possible audience. As part of the visit, we'll be shown some truly awful portraits, landscapes and sculptures. The Devil's Rope Museum (in Mclean, Texas) and The Kansas Barbed Wire Museum (in Lacrosse, Kansas) both claim to have the best barbed (有刺的) wire collections, telling the story of the wire's role in the development of America. We'll be visiting both of these. The Washington Banana Museum (Auburn, Washington, USA) contains 4,000 objects related to the history of what the museum describes as \"the world's most perfect fruit.\" During a guided tour around the museum, we'll learn all sorts of interesting things, such as the fact that bananas were introduced to the USA in 1878 in the same exhibition as Alexander Graham Bell's telephone, and that banana is now the US's number-one selling fruit. The Hair Museum (Avanos, Turkey) is located in a cave in Cappadocia, in Central Anatolia. It contains 16,000 samples of people's hair. You'll be offered a chance to add your own hair to the collection. Later in the year, the museum manager selects 10 donors to attend a pottery workshop. The Hair Museum(Avanos, Turkey)is located in a cave in Cappadocia, in Central Anatolia. It contains 16,000 samples of people's hair. You'll be offered a chance to add your own hair to the collection. Later in the year, the museum curator selects 10 donors to attend a pottery workshop. If you're one of them, you'll be invited to stay in his guest house. （1）What do these four Museums have in common? A.They are all located in the USA B.They accept exhibits donated by visitors. C.They exhibit the things with a long history. D.They show some odd things around the world.

（2）What does The Museum of Bad Art (MOBA) show? A.Complete collections of barbed wire. B.A large number of samples of people's hair. C.Some really terrible but noticeable art works. D.Some beautiful portraits drawn by famous people.

（3）Why was Alexander Graham Bell's telephone mentioned in paragraph 4? A.To explain the origin of bananas. B.To arouse visitors' interest in the museum. C.To emphasize the importance of the exhibition. D.To compare the value of bananas and telephones. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了以世界各地的著名博物馆为看点的旅行路线，以及各博物馆的特色。

（1）考查细节理解。The Museum of Bad Art提到该博物馆展出的是“awful portraits, landscapes and sculptures.”可怕的肖像、景观和雕塑。The Washington Banana Museum展出的是最完美的水果，The Devil's Rope Museum 展示的是绳索，The Hair Museum展示是人的头发，由此可判断四家博物馆展示的收藏品都很奇怪，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 第一段中的“The Museum of Bad Art (MOBA) (Boston, USA) shows what it describes as ‘art too bad to be ignored’.”坏艺术博物馆中展示的藏品都太可怕了，让人难以忽视；以及“we'll be shown some truly awful portraits, landscapes and sculptures.”，在这个博物馆中会看到真正可怕的肖像、景观和雕像。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“the fact that bananas were introduced to the USA in 1878 in the same exhibition as Alexander Graham Bell's telephone”，香蕉与1878年引入美国，与贝尔的电话在同一展览中，贝尔的电话是非常著名的发明，将香蕉与电话一起提到可以说明香蕉的重要性和其历史，从而引起游客的兴趣，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Dreaming of summer picnics filled with family and fun? We've come up with 4 of the top picnic areas across the US. Cumberland Islands, Georgia

Just a few hours south of Savannah, this national seashore is a wonderful picnic place. It's an unspoiled place in the Deep South with over 50 miles of hiking trails (小径). Covered in Spanish

moss, the trails are lined with trees and since it's still a rural area, the stars line up for a grand show at night and create the perfect evening starlit picnic opportunity. Grant Park, Chicago

If you are looking for delicious food in Chicago, go for a taste of a 20-day, lake-front, foodie festival that happens in October each year. Grab a spot near the fountain to enjoy your picnic, appreciate the city scenery and lake views and relax with family and friends. If you are there on July 4th, be sure to plan the day to include the fireworks display at the Navy Pier. Cranberry Islands, Maine

Here, you'll enjoy natural picnics with island views. The islands are a delightful group of islands about 20 minutes offshore from Acadia National Park. You can visit the islands by private boat or ferry service. Bring a picnic basket along for the ride as it's a romantic picnic area to take your special someone or go for a family outing to visit the islands. Big Sur, California

The Point Lobos State Reserve is a small gem. Besides the coastal wildlife there are rare plant communities, and unique geological formations. It's good to have a picnic there. We recommend bringing a telescope, because much of the wildlife can be seen only at a distance. （1）Why does the writer advise us to go to Cumberland Islands? A. Because they are just next to Savannah. B. Because they have a grand show every night. C. Because they are almost covered in Spanish moss. D. Because they keep their original ecology (生态).

（2）Where can you enjoy observing wildlife with a telescope? A. At the Navy Pier. B. At the Point Lobos State Reserve. C. At Acadia National Park. D. In the Deep South. （3）Where can we most probably read this passage? A. In a personal dairy. B. In a science report. C. In a geography textbook. D. In a travel magazine. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个最佳野餐地点。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Covered in Spanish moss, the trails are lined with trees and since it's still a rural area, the stars line up for a grand show at night and create the perfect evening starlit picnic opportunity.”小路上爬满了西班牙苔藓，两旁种满了树。由于这里仍然是一个乡村地区，所以星星们会在晚上排起队来参加盛大的表演，这是在夜晚星光照耀下野餐的绝佳机会。可知作者建议我们去坎伯兰群岛，因为那里保持着原生态。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Besides the coastal wildlife there are rare plant communities, and unique geological formations. It's good to have a picnic there. We recommend bringing a telescope, because much of the wildlife can be seen only at a distance.”除沿海野生动物外，还有珍稀植物群落和独特的地质构造。在那里野餐很好。我们建议带上望远镜，因为很多野生动物只能在远处看到。可知在the Point Lobos国家保护区可以享受用望远镜观

察野生动物的乐趣。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段“Dreaming of summer picnics filled with family and fun? We've come up with 4 of the top picnic areas across the US.”梦想着充满家庭和乐趣的夏日野餐?我们列出了全美4个最佳野餐地。以及文章主要介绍了四个最佳野餐地点可知最可能在一本旅游杂志上读到这篇文章。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

History is full of tales of great ideas taking shape in sleeping minds; Paul McCartney said that he awoke with the tune of Yesterday in his head, and Robert Louis Stevenson said that the idea for The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde came to him in a dream.

Scientists believe that the mind at night puts together bits of information in creative ways. Throughout the day your brain rarely gets a chance to stop and think. It constantly responds to a stream of challenges, from writing a report for a work deadline to remembering where you left your car keys and figuring out what to buy for dinner.

\"Think of your brain like a web,\" says Russell Foster, Professor of Neuroscience at Oxford University. \"During the day the web is very tight, so you can only put information in a certain number of places. During sleep the web expands, and with the luxury of time, those bits of information can be put into lots of different places and make new associations.\"

He adds that this process may help to foster the formation of new ideas. \"This bringing together of seemingly unrelated bits of information is vital to helping the brain think itself out of problems,\" says Russell Foster.

\"Sleep seems to allow your mind to make non-obvious connections. It puts all the information from the day into a big biological theatre and forces the mind to speak to people at the back of the theatre, who you may not think you have any connection with. This is the basis of creativity connecting ideas, events and memories that wouldn't normally fit together.

By placing volunteers into brain scanners and sending them to sleep, scientists have seen that the areas associated with emotion go into overdrive, especially while dreaming, while the areas that are responsible for logic (逻辑)are switched off. This not only explains why dreams are unbelievably random-you can be talking to a colleague one minute and the next minute sitting in your old school classroom dressed in your nightclothes-but also explains how the brain can put together different information.

（1）In what way are the mind at night and the mind during the day different? A. The ways to receive information. B. The ways to provide information. C. The ways to process information. D. The ways to exchange information. （2）According to Russell Foster, what may bring out creativity?

A. Information put together in normal ways. B. Information put together in unusual ways. C. Information stored in a biological theatre. D. Information stored in the mind. （3）Which can replace \"go into overdrive\ A. Start being active. B. Return to normal. C. Stop working. D. Perform badly.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. The Creative Power of the Brain B. Great Works from Sleep C. Never Believe Your Sleeping Minds D. Sleep Can Bring Creative Ideas 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了睡眠的重要性:睡眠可以带来一些创造性的想法。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ the mind at night puts together bits of information in creative ways. Throughout the day your brain rarely gets a chance to stop and think”在晚上大脑以创新的方式把信息组合在一起,。白天,你的大脑很少有机会停下来思考，可知在白天和晚上,大脑处理信息的方式是不同的,在晚上,大脑处理信息更有创造性。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Sleep seems to allow your mind to make non-obvious connections”睡眠似乎允许你的大脑做出一些不明显的连接）,以及“This is the basis of creativity-connecting ideas”这是创造性连接想法的基础，可知以不同寻常的方式组合在一起的信息会带来创新。故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“but also explains how the brain can put together different information.,”尤其根据与之对比的\"while the areas that are responsible for logic(逻辑)are switched off\可得知与情感相联系的大脑区域在睡眠的时候开始活跃起来。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。通览全文可知本文讨论了睡眠 的 重要性:睡眠可以带来一些创造性的想法。本文首段用事例提示该主题,然后结合实验证明围绕该主题进行阐述。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

A decade ago, colored lights danced around the living room on New Year's Eve and happy music was played. Upstairs, the children were asleep. But I wasn't feeling happy. In mid-December, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die. He had less than a year left, the doctors said.

In the years since that painful season, I have come to look back upon New Year's Eve as an ending and a beginning. New Year's Eve brings a halt to the endless commitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect.

New Year's Eve is full of possibility and anticipation. What will be the surprising experiences and delightful successes in the coming year? But also, what disappointments are waiting for us in the next twelve months?

In many ways, New Year's Eve and the days that surround it are a line between past and future. That line is made up of a series of moments of transition(过渡) that take us out of the old and into the new. Transition can be challenging for many of us. It's about letting go of the familiar and

diving headlong (迅猛地) into the unfamiliar.

Just as, back then, I had to face letting go of the life I had led with my beloved husband and stepping into a new world as a widowed mom. I find that each year I have to step out of the version of me that suited the year that is ending and ease into the version of me who will rise to the goals I am holding for myself for the year ahead.

Last year at this time, I sat in a chair in southern France and drank in the stillness(沉静) and beauty of the countryside around me. The three children and I had brought into this world talked and laughed around the table beside me as we enjoyed a lunch of bread and cheese.

I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing(热情洋溢的) heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness this holiday season.

（1）What does the underlined word \"halt\" in Paragraph 2 mean most probably? A. Stop. B. Beginning. C. Meaning. D. Tradition. （2）What's the main cause of the author's unhappiness on New Year's Eve a decade before? A. The pressure she faced in her work. B. The health problem her husband faced. C. The information received from her family. D. The relationship between her and her husband.

（3）What's the author's attitude towards the thing people should do at New Year? A. Set challenging goals for the next year. B. Break with daily routines and form a new habit. C. Spend more time with family members. D. Think about the past and get ready for the future. （4）What's the main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To memorialize her husband. B. To show how she got through a hard time. C. To share her view of New Year's Eve. D. To remind us that uncertainty is part of life. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要论述了作者对于新年夜的看法，作者认为在新年应该想想过去，为未来做好准备。（1）词义猜测题。根据上文In the years since that painful season, I have come to look back upon New Year's Eve as an ending and a beginning.（在那个痛苦的季节之后的这些年里，我开始把新年前夜看作一个结束和一个开始。）以及下文to the endless commitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect可知，新年前夜让我们停止无休止的日常生活，也有了反思的机会。故可推测划线部分单词意思为\"停止\"。故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据第一段But I wasn't feeling happy. In mid-December, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die.（但是我不开心。12月中旬，我和丈夫被告知，他得了癌症，即将去世。）可知，作者在十年前新年前夜不开心的主要原因是她丈夫面临的健康问题。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第五段中I find that each year I have to step out of the version of me that suited the year that is ending and ease into the version of me who will rise to the goals I am holding for myself for the year ahead.（我发现，每一年我都必须走出即将结束的已经适应一年的自己的版本，轻松地进入我将为未来的一年实现自己的目标的版本。）可知，作者认为人们在新年应该想想过去，为未来做好准备。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据文章主要内容可知，作者分享自己的经历和对新年夜的看法，故推知作者的写作目的是为了分享自己对于新年夜的看法和观点。故选C。

【点评】考查学生对语篇的理解能力。通读全文，把握文章主旨。理解题干，在原文找到对应段或具体到对应上下文，归纳总结答案。

10．阅读理解

Ronald Reagan ever said, \"It's true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance?\" To some extent, extra effort seems to be self-defeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.

But that doesn't stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently praised the \"996\" model, where employees work from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., 6 days a week, as a \"huge blessing\". Apparently, presenteeism (出勤主义) is the curse of the modern office worker.

There will be days when you do not have much to do: perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different company, to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy. Some of this may be a self-continuing cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their employees, and employees fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees' performance, use time in the office as a measure. The consequence is often wasted effort. We pretend to work and managers pretend to believe us. Rather than work hard, you try to make bosses think that you are. Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook and sending out emails at odd hours are three of the best-known tricks. After a while this can result in collective self-delusion that this pretence is actual work. But presenteeism has more serious consequences. It is perhaps most common in Japan, where people attend the office even when they are in discomfort. In doing so, they are doing neither themselves nor their employers any favours. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study in the Journal of Occupation and Environmental Medicine, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. Those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression.

In the evolution of humanity, presenteeism is a recent phenomenon. In the industrial era, workers were paid not for their output but for their time, and were required to clock in and out. But modern machinery like smartphones and laptops is portable. Turning an office into a prison,

with prisoners allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.

（1）What can we learn from Paragraph2and Paragraph 3? A. Employees often have to work extra hours. B. Extra effort improves employees' productivity. C. \"996\" model is well received around the world. D. Both bosses and employees are devoted to their jobs.

（2）What does the underlined \"This\" in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Hoping to get a pay rise. B. Going home after the boss. C. Putting in maximum effort. D. Judging employees' performance. （3）Which of the following is one the results of long-time presenteeism? A. Reducing medical costs of employees. B. Making employees more hard-working. C. Increasing the competition among employees. D. Worsening employees' physical and mental condition.

（4）What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. Employees should be treated as prisoners. B. Productivity can't be measured by presenteeism now. C. Office tasks usually can't be carried out automatically. D. Office workers should be allowed to be absent-minded. 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文作者主要针对员工加班问题提出看法：长时间的加班不仅工作效率低下，还造成身体不适，想要提高效率，必须是身心俱在的状态，不能只是形式上的出勤主义。

（1）推理判断题。根据文章2、3段，第二段讲的是马云赞成996工作制，第三段讲的是你努力让自己看上去很忙。\"As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.\" 这说明员工往往要加班。故答案为A。

（2）词义猜测题。对this所在段落进行三句读。\"Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting inmaximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees' performance, use time in the office as a measure.\"（员工可能会觉得，如果他们没有尽最大努力工作，就不会得到加薪或升职。这很容易与长时间工作混淆。经理们通常不善于判断员工的表现，他们把在办公室的时间作为衡量标准。）因此this指的是\"putting in maximum effort\"。故答案为C。 （3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段我们可知后果是：人们即使在不舒服的时候也会去上班，会降低生产率，还会增加雇主的医疗费用。这些工人更容易遭受更大的痛苦和抑郁。

故答案为D。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段原文可知In the evolution of humanity, presenteeism is a recent phenomenon.而这种现象是低效的。To be productive you need presence of mind being present in the flesh.如果希望高效，那就需要身心俱在，而不是单纯的presenteeism。故答案为B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题三种常考题型。细节理解题回归原文找对应词，推理判断题结合上下文合理推断，词义猜测题，尤其是代词，可向前搜寻，找最近的名词验证。