四级翻译常用词汇

总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 aggregate supply

企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture

企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image

公司 cross-national corporation 创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit

外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter

假日经济 holiday economy 人力资本human capital

航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业 electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry

知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry

国有大中型企业 large and

medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry 业 lottery industry

制造业 manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化 market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购买力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城镇化 urbanization 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner

个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 经济全球化 economic globalization 经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ)

经济增长 economic growth

bubble economy 关税tariff 纳税人tax payer

宏观经济macro economy

货币投放量 the size of money supply 流动性过剩excess liquidity 经济过热 overheated economy 通货膨胀inflation

抑制通货膨胀curb inflation 注入流动性 to inject liquidity 贴现率 discount rate

存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR)

公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO)

逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo

引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币prudent monetary policy

微调货币 to fine-tune monetary policy

硬着陆 hard landing 软着陆 soft landing

二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O) 财政 Finance Minister

全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year 经济活力 economic vitality 大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package 结构改革 structural reform 硬资产 hard assets 软资产 soft assets

有形资产 tangible assets 经济走廊 economic corridor

整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order

反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly

定价浮动 price fluctuations

谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit 债务审计audit of debt

地方性债务 local government debt/liability

公共财政改革 an overhaul of the public finance system

债务管理 debt management 信用支持 credit support 中国社会

多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus

相定迁户 a relocated unit or household 大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age

独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent

福利彩票 welfare lotteries

家政服务 household management service

民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity

农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty

全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign

全国人口普查 nationwide census 社会保险 social insurance 暂住证 temporary residence permit/card

青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性骚扰 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling

*性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination

年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job discrimination 享乐主义hedonism

文盲 illiteracy

分化 disparity between the rich and the poor

盗版 pirated/illegal copies

One Country, Two Systems 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory （、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)

南南合作 South-South Cooperation 南北对话 North-South Dialog 常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee

法制观念 awareness of law

法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system

改革开放 reform and opening-up 公务员 civil servants

官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work

和谐并存 harmonious coexistence 计划生育 family planning

计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning

4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization

居委会 neighborhood committee

科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education

可持续发展 sustainable development 廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency cross-straits relations 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 领土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit

普选制 general election system

求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences 代表NPC member

物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization

小康社会 a well-off society 小康水平 a well-off standard

一个中国原则 the one-China principle 与时俱进 keep pace with the times

综合国力 overall national strength 共同愿望common desire

“走出去”（战略）going global 不结盟 non-alignment 单边主义 unilateralism 多边 multilateralism 多极世界 multipolar world

人口老龄化 aging of population 人口出生率birth rate

社区月服务 community service 道德法庭 court of ethics 盗用embezzlement

成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education

毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate

充电 update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town

大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education

高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education

综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts 理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering

师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college

高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college) entrance examination

高校扩招 the college expansion plan 教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education

九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education

考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

课外活动 extracurricular activities

必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses

专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule

教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit

启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange

人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)

适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age

升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate

硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study

素质教育 quality-oriented education 填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching

希望工程Project Hope

走读生 extern; non-resident student 住宿生boarder

研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)

应届毕业生 graduating student; current year’s graduate

校园数字化 campus digitalization 校园文化 campus culture

学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese

学历教育 education with record of formal schooling

学龄儿重school-ager

学前教育 preschool education 学生减负 alleviate the burden on students

应试教育 exam-oriented education

职业道德 work ethics; professional ethics

爷己者招待会press conference

国家教委 State Education Commission 国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau 职业培训job training

职业文盲 functional illiterate

智力引进 recruit/introduce (foreign) talents

智商 intelligence quotient (IQ) 助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students 网络世界cyber world 网络文化cyber culture 网络犯罪cyber crime 网上购物 online shopping

高产优质 high yield and high quality 高科技园 high-tech park 工业园区 industrial park

火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology) 信息港info port

信息 information revolution 电子货币e-currency

人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI) 生物技术 bio-technology 克隆 cloning

基因工程 genetic engineering

转基因食品 genetically modified food (GM food)

试管婴儿 test-tube baby 基因哭变 genetic mutation 网络出版e-publishing

三维电影 three-dimensional movie 光谷 optical valley 虚拟银行virtual bank 信息化informationization 信息高速公路 information superhighway

新兴学科 new branch of science; emerging discipline 纳米 nanometer

个人数字助理 personal digital assistant (PDA) 生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture

技术密集产品 technology-intensive product

数码科技 digital technology 同步卫星 geostationary satellite

神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V

风云二号气象卫星Fengyun II meteorological satellite 登月舱 lunar module

多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)

多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)

电子商务 e-business; e-commerce 电子管理e-management

办公自动化 Office Automation (OA) 信息高地 information highland 信息检索 information retrieval 电话会议 teleconference 无土栽培 soilless cultivation 超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice

科技发展 scientific and technological advancement

重点项目key project

国家重点工程 national key projects 南水北调 South-to-North water diversion

西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project

西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project

网络造谣 fabricating online rumors 恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止月服务 closure/shutdown of service

公司歇业 closure of business 道路封闭road closure

人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes

生态系统 ecosystem

森林生态系统forest ecosystem

海洋生态系统marine ecosystem 垄断价格 to monopolize the price 垄断市场 to

monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market

限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use

汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions 汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas 车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates 牌照单双号限行 odd-even license plate system

黑名单制度 a blacklist system

执业医师 practicing physician; licensed doctors

二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards 防伪技术 anti-forgery technology 非法交易 illegal transaction 冒名顶替 identification fraud 洗钱 money laundering 挂失 to report the loss

补办 to re-apply/post-register 户籍 household registration 居住证 residence permit 山洪暴发flash floods 水位 water level

低洼地区 low-lying areas 淹没农田 to inundate crops 大桥蜂塌 bridge collapse 最严重受灾地区

worst-hit/worst-stricken area

直接经济损失direct economic loss 应急系统 emergency response system 闯红灯 running red light

遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates

扣分处罚point penalty 酒驾 drunk driving

终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving

中国历史与文化

京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫Kungfo 太极Tai Chi

口技 ventriloquism 木偶戏puppet show 皮影戏shadowplay 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics

相声 witty dialogue comedy 刺绣 embroidery

苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy

中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 中国结 Chinese knot

中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder 印刷术printing

造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass 青铜器 bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain; china

唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing

武术 martial arts

儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化 Confucian culture 道教 Taoism 墨家Mohism 法家 Legalism 佛教 Buddhism 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu 孙子Sun Tzu

象形文字 pictographic characters 文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four

Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)

《大学》The Great Learning

《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》The Analects of Confucius 《孟子》The Mencius

《孙子兵法》The Art of War 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms 《西游爷己》Journey to the West

《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes 《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror 《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史记》Historical Records 《诗经》The Book of Songs

《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes

《礼记》The Book of Rites

《三字经》Three-character Scriptures 八股文 eight-part essay

五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave 旗袍 cheongsam

中山装 Chinese tunic suit 唐装 Tang suit

风水Fengshui; geomantic omen 阳历 Solar calendar 阴历 Lunar calendar 闰年 leap year 十二生肖zodiac

春节 the Spring Festival 元宵节 the Lantern Festival

清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couplets 庙会 temple fair 爆竹 firecracker 年画（traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money 舞龙dragon dance

元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking 赛龙舟 dragon boat race 胡同hutong

山东菜 Shandong cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine 粤菜 Canton cuisine

扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine 月饼 moon cake 年糕 rice cake

油条 deep-fried dough sticks 豆浆 soybean milk 馒头 steamed buns

花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 拉面 hand-stretched noodles 馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup) 豆腐 tofu? bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 烧饼 clay oven rolls

皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg 蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg 糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks 火锅hot pot

长城 the Great Wall of China 烽火台 beacon tower

秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang

兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路the Silk Road

敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes 华清池Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山\"Wutai Mountain 九华山Jiuhua Mountain 蛾眉山Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai

黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 故宫 the Imperial Palace 天坛 the Temple of Heaven 午门 Meridian Gate 大运河 Grand Canal 护城河the Moat 回音壁Echo Wall

居庸关Juyongguan Pass

九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall

黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 西湖 West Lake

九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫Potala Palace 鼓楼 drum tower

四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex 孔庙 Confucius Temple

乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha

十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛Lama