(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth,

like a derelict building-lot.

The burying-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of

wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and

abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put

up.

2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact.

All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in

the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the

colonies as human beings).

3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years,

and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the

graveyard.

They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve.

Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning

chair-legs at lightning speed.

Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe,

a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is

making.

5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush

of Jews.

Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great

number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.

6. every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less

impossible luxury.

Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of

luxury which they could not possibly afford.

7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.

However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.

8. In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the

human beings.

If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.

9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.

No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas(for these trips would not be interesting).

10. For nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless,

backbreaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil. Life is very hard for ninety percent of the people. With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil.

11. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast

of burden.

She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community, that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal.

12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible.

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

People with brown skins are almost invisible.

13. The splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki

uniforms

The Senegales soldiers were wearing ready—made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well—built bodies.

14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?

How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us?

15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or

other in his mind.

Every white man, the onlookers, the officers on their horses and the white N. C. Os.marching with the black soldiers, had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind.

第三课

1. And it is an activity only of humans.

And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings. (Animals and birds are not capable of conversation.)

2. Conversation is not for making a point.

Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view.

3. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to

lose.

In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.

4. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.

People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives.

5. It could still go ignorantly on.

The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong.

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

6. There are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef.

These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields; but when we sit down at the table to eat. We call their meat beef.

7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by

building their French against his own language.

The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers.

8. English had come royally into its own.

The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more.

9. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even

facetiously by the lower classed.

The phrase, the King’s English, has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes. The working

people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people.

10. Te rebellion against a cultural dominance is still here.

There still exists in the working people, as in the early Saxon

peasants, a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the

ruling class.

11. There is always a great danger that “words will harden into things

for us.”

There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are

only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to

represent．For example，the word “dog” is a symbol representing

a kind of animal. We mustn’t regard the word “dog” as being

the animal itself.

12. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s

English slips and slides in conversation.

Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard,

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

formal English all the time in their conversation.

第四课

1. And yet the same revolutionary beliet for which our forebears

fought is still at issue around the globe.

Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men

were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable

rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But

today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries

around the world.

2. This much we pledge---and more.

This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.

3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative

ventures.

United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in

a great number of joint undertakings.

4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of

hostile powers.

We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.

5. Our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far

outpaced the instruments of peace.

The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.

6. To enlarge the area in which its writ may run.

We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.

7. Before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf

all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.

Before the terrible forces of destruction, which science can now release, overwhelm mankind; before this self-destruction, which

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place

8. Yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays

the hand of mankind’s final war.

Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind's final war.

9. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not

a sign of weakness.

So let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate) and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.

10. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its

terrors.

Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.

11. Each generation of American has been summoned to give

testimony to its national loyalty.

Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country (by fighting and dying for their country's cause).

12. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final

judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love. Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability.

第七课

1. Boy and man, I had been through it often before.

As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had of- ten

travelled through the region.

2. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.

But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking

and wretched this whole region was.

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

3. It reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and

depressing joke.

This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.

4. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the

endless mills.

The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.

5. They have taken as their model a brick set on end.

The model they followed in building their houses was a brick

standing upright. / All the houses they built looked like bricks

standing upright.

6. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a

narrow, low-pitched roof.

These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards

and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.

7. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg

long past all hope or caring.

When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg.

8. Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.

Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time. / Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.

9. I award this championship only after laborious research and

incessant prayer.

I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.

10. They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become

almost diabolical.

They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back,

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

they become almost fiendish and wicked./ When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre, one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.

11. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such

masterpieces of horror.

It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.

12. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a

positive libido for the ugly.

People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.

13. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and

unintelligible demands.

These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.

(完整word版)《高级英语》第二册paraphrase整理

14. They made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely

impossible penthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it. They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable.

15. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it

hates truth.

From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth．