翻译]

Before the 1980s, the European developed country has been the origin , where populace takes vacation to traveling \" as early as in 20 century, with the industrialization bringing the economic growth as well as the railroad and water communication developments, for many European , traveling has been an important consumption trend at leisure time \" in 1935 the International Labor Organization confirm the daily 8 hours! Every week 40 hour working’s system, in 1936 the approximately 12 European countries made legislation of vocation with payment, which makes sure the time for the populace’s traveling\".However,due to the poor reception servicing facility ,construction’s lag and price expensive, the early vacationist usually only could go to the countryside, or went to the seashore parents or in the friend family, moreover had several day-long residence time \"

二战后,西方国家经济迅速增长带动了度假旅游的迅猛发展,度假旅游逐渐成为富裕国家人们闲暇时间的生活方式\"公路和铁路成为了人们出游的大众交通方式,喷气式飞机的民用化则进一步促进了长距离特别是洲际远程度假的发展\"以英国为例,1951年到1970年间,国内旅游者从2500万增长到了3450万,增长了约114倍\"同一时期,英国的出国游客从150万增加到了580万,增长了近4倍\"另一方面,交通技术的进步导致旅游地空间竞争范围的进一步扩大\"欠发达地区的度假产品以其廉价吸引了大量发达地区的长线游客,地中海沿岸!加勒比沿海和东南亚地区的度假旅游开始兴起,而发达地区度假产品的销售却出现了短线化或下降的趋势\"1950年到1980年,美洲地区的国际游客份额,美国和加拿大从8216%减少到6519%,而其他地区(加勒比!中美洲和南美洲)却增加了近一倍。

After World War II, the West state economy explosive growth led has taken vacation the traveling rapid development, took vacation the traveling gradually to become the wealthy national people leisure time the life style \" the road and the railroad becomes the populace transportation way which the people went to travel, the jet plane civil further promoted the development which the long distance was specially intercontinental long-distance takes vacation \" take Britain as the example, from 1951 to 1970, the domestic tourist from 25,000,000 grew to 34,500,000, grew approximately 114 times \" at the same time, Britain's study abroad tourists from 1,500,000 increased 5,800,000, grew nearly 4 times \on the other hand, the transportation technology's progress caused the traveling ground-to-air to compete the scope further expansion\" owed the developed area to take vacation the product to attract the massive developed local long-line tourist inexpensive by it, the Mediterranean Sea coast! The Caribbean coast and the Southeast Asia takes vacation the traveling to start to emerge, but the developed area took vacation the product sale actually to present the short line or the drop tendency \" 1950 to 1980, the Americas area's international tourist share, the US and Canada from 8216% reduced to 6519%, but other areas (Caribbean! The Central and South America) actually increased nearly one time.

20世纪80年始,长线度假和短线度假的分异趋势更为明显\"在1986-1991年间,英国赴美国的包价旅游从1111万人增加到5112万人,翻了两番多\"另外,去往欧洲以外的人数也不断增

加\"在长线度假增长的同时,短线旅游出现了出行距离进一步缩短的趋势\"英国人度假原来一直以西班牙为主要目的地,但到1986年,法国取代西班牙成为英国人首选的度假目的地,跨越海峡的汽车流量也打破了纪录\"1993年的一日游调研表明,英国休闲一日游的年消费额大约为170亿英镑,已成为度假市场的一个重要增长点\"在法国,在周末或小休假进行的短时段!近距离的出游,也成了广受欢迎且发展最快的旅游消费热点\"欧洲是世界上最大的客源地,各国之间的旅游活动占全部旅游活动的84%,其接待的游客大部分是短途游客,停留时间短,平均为2天,频率有增加的趋势\"大多数欧洲度假游客都选择自驾车旅行,自行解决其住宿及其他服务项目\"然而近几十年来,欧洲居民的长线出境游,却一直在快速地增长并向全球化扩散\"20世纪的后10年,欧洲经济的萧条使更多的人缩减短线旅游,以便保证每年的一次长线度假\"据欧洲旅游观察的调查,1994年度假客人的平均逗留时间为919晚,与前两年的区别不大,但是度假旅游长短线双轨分化的趋势加剧一方面,短期度假的市场需求增长强劲,其平均逗留时间为1-3晚;另一方面,远距离度假市场需求也在持续增长,远距离度假客人(4晚以上)的平均逗留时间为1213晚。

In the 1980s started, long-line took vacation the differential tendency which took vacation with the short line to be more obvious \" during 1986-1991 years, Britain went to US's package tour to increase from 11,110,000 people to 51,120,000 people, multiplied more than two \" other, went also unceasingly to increase toward Europe's outside population \" while long-line took vacation growth, the short line traveling had the tendency which the journey was away from further reduces \" the English to take vacation originally take Spain as the main destination, but to 1986, France substituted for Spain to become the English first choice to take vacation the destination, the spanning channel's automobile current capacity also hit broke the record \" 1993 on the first tour investigation and study to indicate that the British leisure on first tour the year amount of consumptionProbably is 17,000,000,000 pounds, has become takes vacation a market important point of growth \" in France, carries on the short time interval in the weekend or the small leave of absence! Short distance travel, also became Guang Shou to welcome and to develop the quickest traveling consumption hot spot \" Europe is in the world the biggest source of tourists place, between various countries' tourism activity occupies completely the tourism activity 84%, its reception's tourist majority was the short distance tourist, the resident time is short, was equally 2 days, the frequency has the increase tendency \" the majority European taking vacation tourists to choose from drives to travel, however solved its lodging and other service items voluntarily \" for the past many years, European resident's long-line outbound tourism, actually continuously fast the growth and to the globalized proliferation \" the 20th century's latter 10 years, the European economy's depression caused more peopleDeflation short line traveling, with the aim of guaranteeing that a every year's time long-line takes vacation \" travels the observation investigation according to Europe, 1994 annual leave visitor's average residence time was 919 evenings, was not big with previous two years difference, but took vacation travels the tendency aggravating which the long short line double track split up at the same time, the short-term took vacation the market demand growth was strong, its average residence time was 1-3 evenings; Above on the other hand, the long-distance range takes vacation the market demand also in the sustained growth, the long-distance range taking vacation visitor (4 are late) the average residence time is 1213 evenings.

为适应度假旅游需求的双轨分异趋势,旅游产品的生产和供给也出现了双轨分异现象\"英国托贝(Turban)度假区的发展颇具代表性\"随着地中海旅游的兴起和竞争,这个位于英国南部海岸的大型海滨度假旅游地逐渐衰退\"托贝(Turban)度假区不再被人们认为是一个统一的大型

度假区,取代它的是3个规模较小而相互的海滩度假地托奎(Torque),培顿(Pagination)和布莱克希姆(Brigham)在法国,短期旅游(乡村宿营,高山小住),以及户外娱乐要求不断上升\"新一代度假旅游者更喜欢一种以膳食自理的乡村小舍或别墅为基地,自己驾车旅游\"整个欧洲和北美,城郊购物中心的增长对市中心购物设施的质量,选择性吸引力产生了重大的影响\"乡村旅游郊区旅游等更适合周末短线旅游的概念逐步盛行\"1945-1958年间,美国乡村休闲需求年增长10%,英国到1973年年均增长率是10%-15%\"与此同时,作为主要的长线度假旅游目的地的东南亚!地中海和加勒比地区旅游投资旺盛产品的高端化,综合化,大型化成为潮流\"

Took vacation the traveling demand two-track differentiation tendency for the adaptation, the tourism product production and the supplies also presents the two-track differentiation phenomenon \" Britain to hold the shell (Turban) resort area the development to have the representation \" starting which travelled along with Mediterranean Sea and competes, the seacoast large-scale seashore took vacation the traveling located at Britain south to decline gradually \" holds the shell (Turban) resort area no longer by the people to think that was a unified large-scale resort area, substituted for it is 3 scales is small and the independent beach takes vacation mutually holds Kui (Torque), Peyton (Pagination) and Blake Ximu (Brigham) in France, the short-term traveling (village camping, mountain stays a while), as well as the outdoors entertainment requested to rise \" the new generation to take vacation unceasinglyThe tourist likes one kind the village booth which or the villa takes care of oneself by the meals is a base, oneself drive to travel \" the entire Europe and North America, the suburb shopping center growth to the town center shopping facility quality, the selective attraction had the significant influence \" the village traveling suburb traveling and so on more suitable weekend short line traveling concept to be in vogue gradually \" during for 1945-1958 years, the American village leisure demand year grew 10%, Britain to 1973 the yearly average rate of increment is 10%-15% \" at the same time, took mainly long-line takes vacation traveling destination Southeast Asia! Mediterranean Sea and the Caribbean area traveling investment exuberant product's high-end, the integration, the large scale becomes the tidal current \"