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针对女性的时尚杂志广告的语用预设剖析

来源:智榕旅游
武汉理工大学硕士学位论文

针对女性的时尚杂志广告的语用预设剖析

姓名:胡琴申请学位级别:硕士专业:外国语言学及应用语言学

指导教师:朱汉雄

20091101

武汉理工大学硕士学位论文摘要随着经济的高速发展,全球进入信息化时代,而广告作为信息的重要载体,在现代社会当中扮演着日益重要的角色。与此同时,随着人们物质生活水平的不断提高,对精神生活层面的需求日益增加,而时尚,作为一种人们对美好事物追求的较高境界,也逐渐变成一种审美尺度,影响着人们生活的方方面面。由于媒体传播技术的日益发达,与时尚相关的信息也发布得更为迅速。时尚杂志,作为最具影响力的时尚传播媒介之一,也逐渐成为人们日常生活不可或缺的一部分。当然,在如此具有宣传效应的时尚杂志中,肯定也少不了广告的身影。时尚杂志广告,作为时尚杂志内容的一部分,其类型会受杂志所针对读者群体的范围的影响,所以,对这些广告的研究就有了其特殊性和代表性。伴随着语言学研究的发展,人们对广告的研究从单纯的语言分析进入了更加全面的研究阶段。语用学的一些理论已经被引入到广告研究之中,作为语用学研究的一项重要课题,语用预设因其合适性与共知性的特点,以及其丰富的功能性,而被广泛运用到广告的创意,制作和研究之中。而时尚杂志广告因其特殊的群体针对性,多样的构成因素以及多方位的功能性,为语用预设的研究提供了丰富的材料。本文就将针对语用预设在时尚杂志广告中的功能展开分析与研究。同时,由于作者本身兴趣爱好的原因,本文的研究材料将主要取材于一些比较具有影响力的女性时尚杂志,因此,针对女性消费者的时尚杂志广告将是本文的研究重点。此外,由于本文对广告针对性研究的需要,劝说机制以及消费者的消费心理也将被讨论到,从而加深文章的研究深度。本文主体由五个部分组成,第一章主要论及论文的研究对象,研究现状,研究目的,材料来源,研究方法以及文章结构。第二章文献综述部分对语用预设以及广告的研究进行了回顾。第三章针对语用预设在广告中,尤其是在针对女性消费者的时尚杂志广告中的功能进行了仔细的研究与分析,并相应地对这些广告的构成因素以及女性的自我审美意识进行了概括性的分析。第四章主要是针对劝说机制与语用预设之间的关联,及其在消费者的消费心理中的作用进行了研究,从另外一个层面来分析了语用预设在时尚杂志广告中的功能。最后一章总结了研究的发现,意义,不足之处以及对未来深入研究的几点建议。本文立足于对语用预设在针对女性消费者的时尚杂志广告中的功能的分析,以期为语用预设与广告的研究提供更多的研究素材,同时期望能对将来的相关领域的研究提供些许借鉴。关键词:语用预设时尚杂志广告女性消费者消费心理劝说机制武汉理工大学硕士学位论文AbstractAsaresultofthehighlydevelopedeconomy,ourworldcorneaintoaninformationago.Asoneimportantkindofinformationcarrier,advertisingplaysanincreasinglysignificantrolein伽rmodemsociety.Meanwhile,becausetopursueoftheimprovementofthemateriallife,peopletendlife.Actually,asgraduallyamoreenjoymentinspiritualhi曲贸leveloneofpeople’spursuitofbeautifulthings,fashiontendstobeatsortofwidelyacceptedaestheticcriterionandinfluencespeople’sdailylifeallaspects.Duotothecontributionofthehighlydevelopedmediatransmittingtechnology,thepromptly.Fashionmagazine,astransmittinginformationrelatedtofashionspreadsmoroonepatternofthemostinfluentialfashioninformationcourse,medias,becomesnotgiveuponedispensablepartofpeople’sdailylife.Ofadvertisingwillthespacesinfashionmagazine魑,becausetheadvertisingcannevereffectsofthosepopularfashionmagazinesbeignored.Fashionmagazineadvertisements,asessentialinfluencedbythetypesofpartsoffashionmagazines,theformsofthemwouldbereaders.Therefore,theanalysesoftheseadvertisementsmaybearparticularityandrepresentativeness.linguisticsWiththedevelopmentoftheresearch)people’sthosepureanalysesofadvertisementsofcoVermoreaspectsratherthanadvertisinglanguagestudiosresearches.Atthesametime,sometheoriesofpragmaticsworedrawnintotheadvertisements.Ashas0110importanttaskofpragmaticsresearch,pragmaticpresuppositionbeenadoptingwidelyinthecreation,producingandstudyofadvertisements,becameofitsfeaturesofappropriatenessandmutualknowledge,aswellasthevariousfunctions.Onaccountofthepertinenceofthel瑚tdol'8,diversifiedproviderichcomponentfactorsandfunctions,fashionmagazineonadvertisementsmaterialsfortheresearchanalysespragmaticpresupposition.Thisdissertationwilldosomeinfashionmagazineofthefunctionsofpragnmticpresuppositionadvertisements.Meanwhile,duetotheinterestsofthewriter’s,thedissertationwillmainlythus,theCOHIedata默m嬲ofthetargetingfromsomoonpopularandinfluentialfashionmagazines,researchwillfocusthosefashionmagazineadvertisementsn武汉理工大学硕士学位论文femalecon鳓lmel葛.Besides,asaresultofthepel"tinffll∞oftheadvertisinganalysis,persuasivestrategyandconsumptivepsychologicalmotivationwillbementionedanddiscussedinthedissertation,SOThedissertationastogetadeeperunderstandingoftheresearch.0nconsistsoffivechapters.Thefirstpartmainlyfocusesdiscussionoftheresearchissue,statusmethodsquo,objectives,data80urc君s,researchandadvertisements.Theandstructureonofthedissertation.Thesecondpartincludessomedescriptionsthirdchapteroftheresearchesfocusesonpragmaticpresuppositionpragmaticpresuppositioninfashionmagazineadvertisements,especiallythoseadvertisementstargetingfemaleconsumers,besides,thecomponentfactorsofadvertisementsandwomen’ssdf-aesthetictheanalysisofthefun,Ctionsofconsciousnessarementionedinthispart.Thefourthchapterconsistsofthestudiesoftherelationshipbetweenpersuasivestrategyandtheaspragmaticpresupposition,asinwellasapplicationsandfunctionsoftheminconsumptivepsychologicalmotivations,SOanalysesofthefunctionsofpragmaticpresuppositionaspect.Thefinalparttodosomeadvertisementsfromanotherconcludesthemajorfindings,significanceandlimitationsofthedissertation,andprovides80mesuggestionsofthefuturestudy.Thedissertationmainlyfocusesontheanalysisofthefunctionsofpragmaticthepresuppositioninfashionmagazinehopeofprovidingmoreadvertisementstargetingonfemaleconsumers,indatasourcesfortheresearchespragmaticpresuppositionandadvertisements,aswellasmakingsomesuggestionsforthef-ullherstudyoftherelatedareas.Keywords:pragmaticpresupposition,fashionmagazineadv口tisement,femaleconsumers,consumptivepsychologicalmotivation,persuasivestrategym独创性声明本人声明,所呈交的论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包含为获得武汉理工大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。签名:鱼虱鉴日期:迎2:!垒!墨学位论文使用授权书本人完全了解武汉理工大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权武汉理工大学可以将本学位论文的全部内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存或汇编本学位论文。同时授权经武汉理工大学认可的国家有关机构或论文数据库使用或收录本学位论文,并向社会公众提供信息服务o(保密的论文在解密后应遵守此规定>研究生(签名):执跨导师(签名):日期纠tf劾£g|武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ChapterOneIntroductionAstheresultofthehighlydevelopedeconomy,theimportanceofinformationbecomesobvious,andthe21啦c槐turyisconsideredoneasthecenturyofinformation.AsappearewerywhefeandOrkindofessentialourinformation训ers)advertisementstoagreatextent.Nooneinfluencedailylifematterwerealizethatfactournot,advertisementhasbecomeoneindispensablepartofdailylifeaswellasthewholesociety.Asspecialgroupofmagazinemedia,fashionmagazinehasbeeninathelimelightforsuchlongtimethatmoreandmorepeopletendtoreadthosepublicationsaboutfashionelements.However,besideofthefunctionofbeingtheinformationcarrier,advertisingbearsmoresignificanceandduties.Forcommerciatadvertisements,thehighestandfinalgoalistosell,thus,thoseadvertisementsshouldthebeattractiveandpersuasiveenoughisatoservethepromotionwork.Herocomespragmaticpresupposition,whichpragmaticprincipalnotioninthedissertation.Bymeansoftopresupposition,advertisementstendtodobeeffectiveinselling.Therefore,thedissertationintendssomespecificanalysesofthefunctionsofpragmatictargetingpresuppositioninfashionmagazineadvertisementsQuofemaleconsumers.1.1ResearchIssueandStatusSincethewidespreadinfluencesofnecessarytodoadvertisementsoninourmodernsociety,itisansomespecificresearchesthemsoastogetoverviewoftheisansi雩面丘can∞ofadvertising.Ontheotherhand,pragmaticpresuppositionourimportantnotioninpragmatics,whichtakeseffectsinvariousareasinondailylife,therefore,alargenumberofresearcheshavebeendonepragmaticpresuppositionsandmaybetherelationshipbetweenadvertising,however,theintherangeofthedataSOUrCesdifferentalefromsuchthatdissertation,sincetheclassificatiOnsofadvertisementsresearchesOncomplicatedissuesthatprovidemorespacesforthe内加thetwo缸抛s.Thedissertationintendstodosomeanalysesofthefunctionsofthepragmaticpresuppositioninfashionmagazinetargetingfemaleconsumers,intheadvertisementsaimofcollectingmoreresearchdataforthefuture武汉理工大学硕士学位论文studyofpragmatics.Moreover,somerelatedissuesarediscussedinthedissertation,oneither,suchastheconcreteanalysesoffashionmagazineadvertisements,researchtheself-aestheticconsciousnessofwomen,theadoptionsofpersuasivestrategiespresuppositionaccordingtotheandeonsumers’psychologicalmotivationsandsoOnon.触tomadeasthestatusquooftheresearchrelatedfields,thedescriptionswillbefollows:In1892,GermanPhilosopherGottlobFregefirstlyputforwardthesentencesinterm"presupposition—todescribetherelationshipbetweenSensehispaperOnisandReference.Hehad龇accountanobviousforpresupposition:Ifanythingorassertednamesthereisalwayspresuppositionthatthesimplecompoundproperusedhaveareference(Frege,1952:69).Later,BritishphilosopherBertrandRussellexplainthisproposedhisdescriptivetheorytophenomenomgivenHeclaimedthatasentenceitcanhastwopossibletruth-valuenotrelationstothesituation:it啪betrueaorbetrue.In1950,StrawsonraisedanewtheoryofpresuppositiontointonowretortonRussell,whichpushedthestudyofapresupposition3-valuestage.BasedRussell'sanalysis,Strawsongivesisalogictotheutterance.Hebelievesbesides竹true-and竹false竹,therethirdpossibilitytotheproposition.Inhisopinion,manythornyproblemsCanberesolved丽thease.Andthesentencedoesnothavetheproblemofbeingtrueorfalse,andonlythestatementmadethroughthesentencedoes.Strawsondefinitealsoenlargesthescopeofprcsuppositionalphenomena.Besidesqualificationdescriptionsandpropernames,nounphrases,Somewordsareotherpartsofanutteranceliketemporalclauseanddiscussion011change-of-stateincluded.SinceStrawson's∥傀毒thecontext.apresuppositionhasbeenconnected丽tllKarttunenandutterancebyaothert1010kStalnaker'snotiontobeasincerityconditiononthespeakerofasentenceintocontext.Stalnaker'spresuppositionsarowhatforthethespeakertakesbecAⅪalmonbackgroundparticipantsinthecontext.Histhatthenotion,incontrastwithFrege'sispragraaticsuppositionsofthespeakerbeassumedtoTheoriginalphilosophical¥tudiespresuppositionrequiringbethoseofhisaudienceaswell.presuppositionoilcause删鹅鄙啪s鹪inSomeotherlinguisticfidd.Thoyhavebeengraduallymmedintosemantic82[udiesandla£crtumedintopragmaticstudiessinceStrawsonandDounellamlinguistsinthisfield翻∞:Keenan,Kin嘲,Lakoff,Katz,Karttunen,Stalnaker,2important武汉理工大学硕士学位论文Leech,Kcmpson,Wilson,Lyons,Prince,,Sadock,Wilson&Sperber,GazdarPetersandLevinson.Theirunderstandingsanddefinitionsofpresuppositionaledifferent,whichcanbemainlydividedintotwocategories:semanticpresuppositionandpragmaticpresupposition.AlthoughthestudyofpragmaticsinChinastartedrapidlybecomeaalittlebitlate,PragraaticshasfamousthcoryinChineseacademiccirclesofforeignlanguage.Sincethe1980's,therehavebeenarticlesintroducingpragmaticsintemaily.Inrecenttenyears,moreandmorelinguistspayattentiontopragmatics.Amongthem,manytohavedistractedtheirattentionfromformallinguisticsfunctionallinguistics.Atthesametime,thestudyofpragmaticsdevelopsinvariousfields,suchas,cross-culturalpragmatics,interlinguapragmatics,societalpragmaticsandcognitivepragmatics.Agreatthosemanylinguistsstudiedpresuppositiononthebasisofthetheoriesofforei印philosophersanddevelopmentlinguistsandlinguists.AmongthemHeZiran,HeZhaoxiongetc.ofpresupposition.Theypromotetherapidforeignanalyzedthetheoriesofthosebroughtuptheirownviewsabout011presupposition.AlsoandanalyzesomelinguistswrotesomepapersXuShenghen吕TheymakePresuppositionsuch勰ShuDingfang,LiofformalizedmethodstolistXiyinaanduselargenumberofexamplesandillustratetheinferenceandapplicationofPresuppositioncombiningwithdetailedandaccuratelanguagematerials.Astotheanalysesofpragmaticpresuppositioninbothintheadvertisements,alargenumberofthemhavebeendonepragmatics011andadvertisingareas.Inthedissertation,thewriterintendstodosomeresearchesthebasisofthepreviousstudies,intheaimofgettingsomenewfindingsfromtheprocessofcombiningpragmaticdatasources--fashionmagazinepresuppositionwinIsomenewadvertisementstargetingfemaleconsumel's.1.2ObjectivesoftheDissertationBymeansofthepreviousstudyofpragmaticpresupposition,thisOndissa乇ltionintendstodosolvefurtherandspecificresearchthefunoionsofpragraatictheprosupp硝itioahopein自幽l洒magazineadvertisementstargetingfemalecon.圈dme雹¥,inofprovidingmoledataSOUff嘲forthefuturestudyofthecorresponding8tea8.3l氏汉理.T.大学硕l:学位论文Besides,thediscussiononfashionmagazineadvertisementsmaycontributetotheimprovementofthepromotionstrategiesofthosemanufacturersandfurtherupswingspacesforadmen’Screationinadvertising.Meanwhile,theconsumersmaybecomemoreprofessionalandsensibleintheprocessofconsumption.Moreover,theanalysesofthoseelementsofadvertisingmayknowmoreinformationaboutadvertisementsconcretebehelpfulfortheconsumerstogettoandappreciatetheadvertisementsfromsomenewangles.ThereiSabriefresearchontheself-aestheticconsciousnessofwomeninthethirdchapter,whichintendstogetsomeideasofwomen’spsychologicalmotivationforbeauty,perfectionandfashion,SOfemaleconsumers’consumptivestrategiesaleastoprovidesomesupportfortheresearchoftheoriespsychology.Eventually,sometheaboutpersuasivediscussedaccordingtoconsumptivepsychologicalmotivations,especiallythoseofthefemales’.Themajorpurposeofthedissertationist0dosomeresearchinthearea,whichthewriteriSextremelyinterestedin,intheaimofcommunicatingwinlthosepeoplewhofancyintherelatedfieldsandprovidingmoredatasourcesforthefuturestudy.1.3DataSourcesandResearchMethodsoneThewriterstillremembersthequestionproposedbyonprofessorwhenshedecidedtodoresearchthisissue—-‘‘whydoyouchoosethisareaasyourresearchobject?’’Actually,theresearchshetakesaanswerisextremelysimple;becausethewriterwantstodogreatfancyto,andafindssomenewideasintheprocessofanalyzingtheissue.Thewriterisgreatfanforfashionisamagazines,andwillbuythosemagazinesregularlyindailylife;therefore,shequitefamiliarwithadvertisementsincludedinthepublicationsandhaslargecollectionoffashiontodomagazinesofmanystyles.Atthebeginning,thewriterjustintendedresearchfromtheaspectofaesthetics,butthefactisiftheconcentratesontheperspectiveofaesthetic,thedissertationtheanalysiscompletelyoutofthemaybetotallyscopeofsociolinguistics,whichthewriterbearsgreatinterestsin,therefore,inordertobalancethetwoaspects,theresearchissuetendstobethefunctionsofpragmaticpresuppositioninfashionmagazineadvertisementstargetingfemaleconsumers.4武汉理工大学硕士学位论文Moreover,pragmaticpresuppositionisreallyameaningfulandcomplicatedtermforresearch.Thedata¥otLrc鹳ofthedissertationaremainlythoseadvertisementsfromsomepopularfashionmagazines;however,mostofthefashionmagazines81"0domesticones,ortheChineseversionsofsomefamousovel"seasmagazines.Thewriterhasbeensearchingformoredatasourcesbymoall8ofalltheaccessiblemedias,butduetothelimitationofthescopeoftheresearchobject,itisreallyhardtogetmoredata.Actually,there眦manyelectronicversionsofthoseoversea¥fashionmagazinesoninternet’butmostofthemareJapaneseOnes丽mlanguagebarriertothewriter,therefore,thescopeofthedatasoUI'COSisnarroweddowntosomeextent.Consequently,thedataSOurc镪JmainlyfocusonthoseadvertisementsfromSomepopularfashionmagazines,whichincludeRay(threeseriesofthepubficafions),忻呕Style,VOGUE,Sweet,VIVMACIetc.Meanwhile,theadvertisementscovertheareasofcosmetics,skincare,haircare,clothing,perfume,shoes,handbags,jewelry,etc.Besides,thelistofthosefashionmagazineswillbegiveninappendix1attheendofthedissertation.Inordertomaketheresearchtobemorecredibleandintegrate,severalresearchmethodsareadoptedintheprocessofwritingthedissertation,suchastheoreticalanalysis,casestudy,observation,surveyresearch,literaturestudyand30on.Fortheconstructionofthetheoreticalfoundationofthedissertation,theoreticalanalysisisadoptedatthebeginningofthethesis.Thetheoryofpresuppositionisintroducedspecificallyfromthreeaspects--thephilosophicalodgin,thesemanticapproachandthepragmaticapproach.Besides,Sometheoriesaboutpersuasivestrategiesandpsychologicalmotivationsalediscussedintheprocessofanalyzingthepersuasivefactorsofadvertisements.Secondly,casestudyisthemostwidelyusedresearchmethodinthedissertation.Alargenumberoffashionmagazineadvertisementsareexemplifiedinthethesistoprovethepointsmadeoutoftheanalyses.ThosefashionmagazineadvertisementsconsistofthemajordataSOUrCesofthedissertation.Thirdly,observationisadopted,either.Ifwewantto面¥omespeci丘cresearchontheexamplesgatheredinthedissertation,wemustfirstlyobservethoseadvertisementstogettherightpointsofcombinationoftheexplanation.Fourthly,whenthewriterdoestheresearchonwomen’sself-aestheticconsciousness,8卿lnereferencesto伍昭hi酏嘶cliteraturearesearchedfor.Lastbutnotthele够It.thewriterdoesmanyliterature5●_----_-_____-__-●●_--_●_-_--___-I___●_-__--。I--。。_‘。。。●。。。。●__-_-。。。。。。。_。_。。’。。。。。。。’—————————————————一一——.壅圣里三查兰堡主兰垡堡茎information.studiesforthepurposeofgettingmoreofthedissertation.fortheintegralityandcredibility1.4StructureoftheDissertationfivechaptersinthedissertation.ThefirstpartisasGenerallyspeaking,therearoaboutthebasicinformationofthethesis,suchtheresearchissue,statusquo,aobjectives,datasources,researchmethodsandstructure,whichcomposeintroductionofthedissertation.Thesecondbriefchapterfocusesontheliteraturereview,includingreviewsofthefamousresearchbranchesofpresuppositionandthebriefintroductionofadvertising,aswelladvertisements.Thenextassomereferencestothefashionmagazineanalysispartofthechapteronisgoingtobethemajordissertationincludinganalysesfunctionsofpragmaticpresuppositioninfashionmagazineadvertisements,women’sself-aestheticconsciousnessbetweenwom豇landtherela廿onshipandadvertisements.Thefourthchapterreferstotheanalysesoftherelationshipbetweenpersuasivestrategiesandpragmaticpresupposition,aswellastheapplicationsandfunctionsoftheminthepsychologicalmotivationsofconsumers·Thelastpartwillbethemajorfindings,significance,limitationsofthepresentstudyandS010suggestionsforthefuturestudy.6武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ChapterTwoLiteratureReview2.1StudiesofPragmaticPresuppositionPresuppositionisveryimportantconceptinpragmatics.Rconnectscloselyaa、耐thpeople'sdailylife.一Atanystageinwell-runconversation,acertainamountisismoreliteraturepresupposed一(Lewis,1991:416).Thismayaccountforwhy竹thereonpresuppositionCanbethanonalmostanyothertopicintoapragmatics(expectingperhapsspeechacts)一(Levinson,1983:167).Duewhichlongtraditionofphilosophicalinterest,ondatedbacktothelate1800’s,avastliteraturepresuppositionhasbeenproduced.Scholarsapproachedthisfromdifferenttheoriesconcerningit.angiesandderivedallkindof2.1.1PhilosophicalOriginLikethestudyofmanyotherlinguisticnotions,thestudyofpresuppositionfirstwascarriedoutbyphilosophers.RobertStalnaker,aphilosopher,firstintroducedthetermofpresupposition.Butinhistheory,presuppositionisreferencetolinguisticform:hetalksnotofthethespeaker'sdefinedofawithoutanypresuppositionsheestablishedSentenCe,butofatepresuppositions,thesespeakeronabeingjustthosepropositionswhichtakenforutterancegrantedneedsabyagivenoccasion.Andthefact¨ancontextinordertobec.orreetlyinterpreted,also谢Ⅱlrespecttoitstruthoffalsity一.(Meyon2001:18s).Later,whilephilosophersdebatedheatedlyaboutproblemshowtotranslatereferringexpressionsinnaturallanguageintotherestrictedlogicallanguage,aGermanalwayshaveaphilosopher,FregeStatedthat:竹Ifthatthesimpleoranythingisassertedthereisanobviouspresuppositiononecompoundpropernamesusedareference.Ifthereforeasserts‘Keplerdiedinmisery’,"thereispresuppositionthatthename‘kepler’designatessomething.’'(LcvinsonLaterFrege2001:196).foundthatthesamepresuppositioncouldbeobtainedinthecorrespondingnegativesclltcnce,thenheaddedathat"thename‘Kepler’designate爆somethingisjust勰muchpresuppositionoftheassertionKeplerdiedinmisery,鹤7武汉理工大学硕士学位论文forthenegativeassertion'’(ibid).Inaddition.Fregemakesconcerningtemporalclauses,clairningthatthetimesequencessimilarobservationpresupposed.aareInthearticle”OnDenoting”in1905,theBritishphilosopherBertrandRussellproposedlusfamoustheoryofdescriptions,pointingproblemsinFreg#sviews.Heassulilesoutthatthereweremanythatasentencehastwopossibletruth-valuerelationstothegivensituation-itcanbetrueoritc锄benottrue.:Hethinksexample(1>correspondstoconjunctionsofpropositions.(1986[1918】。P.219):isbald.(1)ThekingofFrance(2)Thereexists1F1始propositionapresentkingofFrance.befal∞becausethereisnOcankinginFrancetoday.FranceisaRepublicannationnOW.Russelholdsthatifoneofthepropositionsinconjunctionsofpropositionisanditsfalsethenthewholeuttez薯ncewithWemays∞盘DmRussel’stheorythathem炳110distinctionbel[、)l彻allassertiontheoryisconjunctionsofpropositionsisfalse.presupposition,whichmostlinguistsemphasize.However,Russel’Sabletoaccountforscope-ambiguitiesinnegativesentences.Russel's/x,幻tproposesofview职mainslargelyunchallengeduntilStrawsdn(1950)aa和tewithdifferentapproach,thuspushesthestudyofpresuppositionintocan嗍stageandmakesitIesSimperfect.BydoingSO,manythornyproblemsresolvedease.Strawsongavea8be3-valuelogictoexample(1).Besides‘'true"andSentenCe“false'’,therewasdoesnothavethethethiIdpossibilitytothepresupposition.Inhisopinion,theofbeingtrueorproblemfalse,andonlythestatementmadethro嶝,hsentencedoes.Forinstance:(3)mkingofFranceiswise.Suchastatementmightbeastruein1670,andfalsein1770,whilein1970itwasorpointlesstotalkaboutitbeingtruefalseastheredidnotexistaFr毫'nchking.Strawsonalsoenlargesthescopeofpresuppositionphenomena.Besidesdefinitedesoriptionsandpropernames,qualificationutterancenounphrases,someotherpartswordsof锄liketemporalclausesandchange-of-statea心included.Oneofsentencestoarc.Soheaimpor濑tcontributionmakehemakesistodi螈ngt五shsentences舶musessentences.Sentencesa埒堪:ith嚣truenor"翻跨。珥ystatementsdefinespr晰sitionaasfotlows(Strawson,1952:175):AstatementtruthorApresul,p0SeSstatemeaatBif8ispreconditionofthefalsityofA.Strawson’8replacement8武汉理工大学硕士学位论文of”sentence'’by“statement'’canbeconsidered够abigstepforward.“Statement'’,asatim争spacenotion,forthefirstontime,takescontextualfacto璐intoconsideration.SincoStrwason,thediscussionpresuppositionhasbeentoconnoted、航tllcontext.Strwason'sconcG私iOllbrings璐closerinformalthepragmaticcharacterizationofwhatisstatedtoofisthepresupposition.Strawson'spresupposedleadstoadiscussionwhatOncharacterizationofpresuppositionintermsofbeliefsapartoftbeaddresserinmakingstatement.2.1.2SemanticApproachThestudyofsvmanticpresuppositionishistoricallybased011theFrege-Strawsonconceptionandtrue-valuesemantics.SinceitwasformallyintegratedintothemanystandardtheoryofT-Ggralnlnarin1965,thestudyofmoaninghasattractedscholarsattention.Presuppositionasatypeofextrameaninghasnaturallybeenstudiedextensivelyaswell.In1960sand1970S,withthedevelopmentofsemantics,presuppositiongraduallyofsemanticrelation.drewtheattentionfromscmanticistswhostudieditasakindInhis¨DeepStructure,Surfacestructm'eandSemanticandInterprctation竹,Noamfocus.HearguesthatChomsky(1970)proposestheanalysisofpresuppositionthefocusisthephrasecDntainingtheintonationcenter,andthepresuppositionisdeterminedbythereplacementofthefocusbythethatthefocusvariable.Thenhedcmomtratcsandpresuppositionaaredeterminedbythesurfacostructure.CharlesFillmore(1971)makesthesemanticdistinctionbetweenbasicmeaningandpresuppositionfromclaimsthatthebasicmeaningofapo妇ofview.Hepredicatecanbeseparatedfromitspresupposition.Healsoholdsthatwithsomeverbslike竹acc吣e竹,¨apologize",¨forgive—inofsentences.sentences,thepresuppositioncontentisthebasicmeaningPresuppositionsuchlinguisticisdescribedinsemantictermasthepropositionassociatedwithobjects鹪words01"sentences.AccordingtoFrogc-Strawson'sorconception,presuppositioncompoundsyntacticproperistriggeredbydefinitedescriptions:thesimplen锄esandtemporalclauses,andissoonextendedtoallkindsotherstructures(Morgan1969;Chomsky1971;Jackendoff1972;Kanlxmenl973)9武汉理工大学硕士学位论文andlexicalitems(I-Iota1969;Kiparsky1970;Fillmore1971).Wrb.atthefocusofstudyinandentailment.Amongsemanticsistherelationshipbetweenpresuppositionthescholarwhostudiedtherelationshipbetweenthem,Kempson,GazdalfalseorandLeecharOforemost.Kempcrson(1975:49)prosposestwoways:thethatpresuppositiondiffersfromentailmentinonlyconsequenceofXbeingtheconsequenceYbeingfalse.Gazdal(1979)definespresuppositionusingthetermofentailment.Leech(1981:278)makesdtherallanalysisaboutsemanticispresuppositionandentailment:ifXentailsYthenifXis缸Ie’Yhastobetrue;ifX伽se’Yc觚bethisissueontrueorfalse.ManyChinesoScholarshavebeguntotouchuponthebasisofthetheoriesofthose南rei盟linguists.HeZiran(1997)andmakes8distinctionformingabe魄ee哇entailmentrelationshipofpresuppositionandprovidestwosentencespresupposition.LiuZheproposestheconcept"weakentailment竹.XiongXueliangarguesthatentailmentisakindoflogicalenta/lmentwhichistriggeredbyawordintheutterancewhilepresuppositionisakindofattitudeofthespeaker.evidentaFrom1973onwards,itbocamoincreasinglyproblemsonthatthereWeretheoryof80manythenotionofsemanticpresuppositionthatlanguage(andanyspecificallysemantics)wouldnotdobetterwithoutit.Aproblem、)l,iⅡlasemanticliketheoryofpresuppositionfoundinRnssdl’sobservation(1905)thatThekingofFranceisbaldhassentencevantwointerpretationspointedsentenceoutbyderSandtthereisa(1988:15):Whenthenegationhasnarrowscope,thesentenceimpliesthatkingofFrance;whentheisnOkingofFranco.negationhaswidescope,theistruebecausethere2.1.3PragmaticApproachAccordingtoLovinson(2001),semanticreasoncantheoriesofpresuppositionalenotviableforthesimplethatsemanticsisconcernedwiththespecificationofbeassociatedinvaliantnotstablemeaningsthatwith懿pressions.Presuppositionsnota∞invariantandtheyaleonnotstable,andtheyd0belonginanyorderlysemantics.Owingtotheproblem9蓖n翻疵presuppositionmentionedabove,,scholarswe∞solution,andthestudyofpresuppositionsoonforcedtofindapromisingenteredthe10武汉理工大学硕士学位论文fieldofpragmatics.Sellars(1954)isthefirsttointerpretthephenomenonofpresuppositionfromthepragmaticperspective.Hedemonstratesthatwhatispresupposedintheclassicalexamplo:ThekingofFranceisbaldisthatthespeakerbelievesthatthereisakingofFranceandmoreovertheheareralsodoesso.ThisconceptWasfirstputforwardbyKeonanin1971,bypragmaticpresuppositionhereferstotherelationshipbetweenaspeakerandtheappropriatenessofasentenceincontextandheholdstheviewthatthepragmaticpresuppositionofasent∞ceoranutteranceisitscontextappropriateness.Thereforepragmaticpresuppositionisnotconcerned丽tllpresuppositiononsentencelevel,butoncommunicationalIevelofthespeakerandhearer.Thatistosay,pragmaticpresuppositionactuallystudiedtherelationshipbctw∞ncommunicatorsandtheirlanguage1Kqe.ItwasRobertStalnaker,aphilosopherwhoWasoneofthefirsttodiscoverthispragmaticfact.Stalnaker(1973)introducedtheterm竹pragmaticpresupposition竹inaninfluentialearlyarticle.Hepointedoutthatanutteranooneedsacontextinordertobecorrectlyinterpreted,alsowithrespecttoitstruthoffalsity.Lateron,manyscholarsfurtherdevelopedthenotionofpragmatic,presuppositionbyproposingtheirowndefinitionandstandpoint.First,pragmaticpresuppositionisdefined勰propositionalattitude(Sellm1954;Stalnaker1973).Second,presuppositionisthatofpragmaticknowledgo(Kemlmmn1975,WilsonandSporber1979;1983).ThUd,pragmaticisoftenregardedasconditionsforthefelicitousappropriateuseofsentencestoperformaspeechact.(Fillmore1969).SomeChin雠scholarsalsomakegreatcontributiontothestudyofpragmaticZiran(1997)summarizesvariouskindsofpragmaticasthefollowing:(1)spoake,sassumptionofthecontextinwhichanmado,(2)mutualknowledge,(3)felicityconditionstobesatisfiedforaacttoheperformed.ZhuYongsheng&MiaoXingwei(2000)attemptputlxagmaticpresuppositionfromthediscoursep.翟删Veandto.functionsofplesuppositionatthesupra-sententialleveloflanguage.Lovinsonpresupposition弱mutualⅨarttIm朋1974)orpresupposition.Hepresupposition1ltteI撒l∞isspeechto吣the武汉理工大学硕士学位论文2.2BriefSurveyofAdvertisingAdvertisingisplayingincreasinglyimportantroleinerieanoursociety.Dyer(1982:to3)claimsthat_Advertisingorganizeisofthemechanismsusedbymodemcapitalismtoanda姗坞marketsforitsgoods.Itcontributesthegrowthandprosperityofthesociety.Thoughithasitsownnegatives,thepositivesaregreater.一2.2.1DefinitionandClassificationsofAdvertisingTheword—advertise竹derivesfrompeople'shtin,whichoriginallymeanttocatchaUention.Dyer(1982:2)definesadvertising蠲ndrawingattentiontotosomething,ornotifyingAmericanMarketingAssociation∞脚advertisingidentifiedorganizationtopersuadeorinformingsomebodyofsomething".Accordingis竹thenon-personalnaturecommtm/cationofinformationusuanypaidforproducts,servicesorandusuallypersuasiveinaboutideasbysponsorsthroughthevariousmedia"(Bovee&Arms,1992:7).Fromthisdefinition,wecans∞thatanadvertisementisspecificmessagemadebyantheaudience,andthenatureofadvcTtisingispersuasion.Advertisementscanbeclassifiedintodifferenttyposonthebasisofdifferentstandards.Thefollowinga舱themostenmmonclassificationsofthem:文Classificationbymedia.Advertisementscanbedividedintonewspaperads,magazineads,televisionads,Interactads,radioads,outdoorads,etc.canb.Classificationbypurposes.Alladscommercialadsbedividedintotwocategories:andnon-commercialads.Commercialadsaimatmakingprofits.areWhilethepurposeofnon-commercialadsinforming,persuading,01"remindingabouttheparticularideas,01"philosophies.c.Classificationsellbytechnique.Alladscanmakeabedividedintohardsellonesandsoftl"eM璁Drtoftheones.Hardselladvertisementsdirectappealtotheaudiencebygivingthetrustableinformationoftheproducts.Andsoftsell0蛸appealtotheemotionofthementionedaudience.Itiseasytofindthatthereis锄overlapbetweenthetypesofclassificationabove.Sosometimesitisdi伍culttodistinguishonekindofadvertisement武汉理工大学硕士学位论文fromanother.2.2.2Functionsand0bjectivesofAdvertisingmanyfunctions,suchasAdvertisingmayserveeconomicfunction,socialSOfunction,informativefunction,persuasivefunctionandfunctionsareon.Amongthem,twomostimportant:informingandpersuasion.canAdvertisementsofferconsumersinformationofproductsandservicesnewlyaprovided.Thepersuasivefunb砸onofadvertisingmeansthatadvertisingisplayingroleofpersuadingtheaudiencewhiletransmittinginformation.Tanaka(1994:21)arcclaimsthat竹Thesetwofunctionssubordinatetopersuasion一.notofequalimportance,inthatinformationisTheobjectivesofadvertisingaredefinedbyAmericanAssociationofAdvertisingAgendesareasACCA(Awareness,Comprehension,ConvictionandAction),latert11eytoAICDA(Attention,Interest,Credibility,DesireandAction).Thecanexpandedfirsttwoobjectivesofattractingattentionandarousinginterestberegardedasonebecauseoneobdouswayofcatchingthereader'sattentionistoshowthemthatthecontinuestofinishtheadvertisedproductisofinteresttothem.Then,theadvertisertaskofstimulatingconsumers’desiresandcreatingconviction.Usuallythebedycopiesofadvertisementsshouldertheresponsibilitytoaccomplishthetwogoals.Theadvertiser'sultimategoalistomotivatepeopletop珊chasethings.2.3FashionMagazineAdsTargetingFemaleCustomersinBecauseofthehighlydevelopedeconomyOUrmodemsociety,peopleoncareincreasinglyⅡ哪meanwhile,peopletheaboutthoseconsumptionandenjoymentspirituallevel,whichreflectstendtopursuehig量lerlevelofaestheticenjoymentimprovementofpeople’ssociety,nooneaestheticcriterion.Inbrie£peopleonepaymoreattentiontoSOthehi.ghqualitybomofmaterialandspirituallife.Asourwillbestrangetohearthew讲Ffashion",whichsorttermmentionedoftenainmoanssortofhighlypraisedaesthetictrend,throughwhichonepeopleexaminetheirconceptsofofbeautyandgoodness.Actually,fashion,aspopulartendency,fashion13武汉理工大学硕士学位论文existseverywhere,moreover,itinfluencesOUrdailylifetoagreatextent)becauseitbearsrelationshipwitllalmostalltheareasinOUrsociety,suchasclothing,cosmetics,music,art,oveneducationandSOon.Inotherwords,asacomparativelyhighstateofpeople’spursuitsofbeautifulandnovelthings,fashiongraduallytendstobconekindofaestheticstandardandimpactpeople'sdailylifeatalltheaspects.Duetothepromptdevelopmentofthemediatechnology,theinformationrelatedtofashionisspreadingrapidlybeyondpeople’simaginationandexpectation.Asoneofthegreatestfashiontransmittingmedia,fashionmagazinesplayallincreasinglymoresignificantroleinourmodernsociety.Wheneverwes∞thosefashionmagazinesinthenewsstandswittldifferentsizesaround啦,thedelicatepackaging,attractiveCOVerS,channingcovergirls,brightcolorsandallthebeautifulstuffwithinthecontentswilldrawourattentionsandpersuadeUStobuythemhome.Forthosepeoplewhoareaddictedwiththosefashionpublications,thefashionmagazinespossessthemagicpowerofattractionandconviction,whichcannotberesisted.Itistruethateachoneofthosedelicatepublicationswillhavesomethingwithinitthatattractsyou.Thewriterisanenthusiasticfashionmagazinefanwhowillbuyfashionmagazinesregularlyandhas110resistancetothesecutebooks,becausethewriteridagirl、7Iritllgreatpassioninpursuingthosefashiontrends.Actually,theprocessofreadingfashionmagazinesiskindoffantasticexperience;maybebecauseofthedelicatedesignsofthefashionmagazines,asareader,youwillnotmissanypartofthecontent,evellthoseadvertisements,whichconsistofpersuasiveadvertisingwords,beautifulmodels,shiningcolorsandgorgeousfictitiousspecialeffects.Actuall%advertisementsarethemainincomesoffashionmagazines,therefore,thosebestsellers,whichtakeupmostofthefashionmagazinemarket,wouldbethebestchoicesformanufacturerstopromotetheirproducts.Ofcourse,theroasol峪forthatareself-evident.Tosomeextent,thereadersofthosefashionmagazinesarethedirectorpotentialco姗er3oftheadvertisedproducts,SOcorrectpositioningofthe‘Ⅺqlsumergroupswillhelpalot.Itisprovedthatbymeansofmakingadvertisementsinfashionwouldbringgreatbenefitsandbebetterforthebuild-upofthebrandthescopeofthedatag∞Ⅱ℃镫isnarroweddowntothefashionmagazineadvertisementstargetingfemaleconmmlers,thus,inthefollowingparts,somepOpUlarfemalefashionmagazineswillbeintroducedandsometypical14magazinesreputation.Since武汉理工大学硕士学位论文advertisementstargetingfemalecon羽】me糕willbepickedouttodocasestudiesforthesupportoftheresearch.Ifwewanttointroduc宅somebestsellersofthosefashionmagazines,Vogueisshouldbementionedhere.Itwasbomin1892,andhassuchadefinitelythefirstone10nghistorythatpossessesgreatreputationallOVertheworld.ThecontentsofVoguecoVermostoftheareasinSOourlife,suchisasclothing,cosmetics,skincare,health,fashionmagazineaboutlife.Initisoneentertainment,artandon,anditasanintegratedAmedca,Vogueisconsideredthe“fashionoverbible'’,andofthemostimportantfashionmagazinebrandsalltheworld.Ithasseveralversions,includingtheAustralianversion(1959),theItalianversion(1965),theBrazilianversion(1975),theGermanversion(1979),theSpanishversion(1988),theKoreanversion(1996),thepublishedinbeenwarmly15Russianversion(1998),theJapaneseversion(1999)etc.VogueiscountriesSOfar,andtheChmeseversionWasbomin2005andhaswelcomedbyChiIl鹤efemales.versionofRayisaThesecondinChinainone,whichwillbementionedhere,is-Ray.ItWasfirstlypublishedSeptember,1995.11璩ChinesecooperativeprojectwiththeJapanesefashionmagazine—Ray.Compared耐mbeenthosewesternfashionmagazines,thestyleofthisfashionmagazineismorecorrespondingtothetastesofChinese;therefore,ithastakingmoremarketsharesthanothermagazines.versionofRayhasWhat’SmoreimportantmagazinesisthattheChinesethreesortsofdividedaccordingtothedifferentdegreesofreaders.mentionedhere,istheitisoneOnemoreimportantfashionmaga2ine,whichshouldbeChineseversionofanotherJapanesefashionmagazinenamedVⅣI,becauseatofthebestsellersinChinesefashionmagazinemarketmainlyinyounggirls.Sincethepresent,andispopularaleadvertisementschosenforcasestudiesmainlypickedoutfromtheabovearementionedfashionmagazines,theconcreteintroductionsofotheronesomittedhereforthesavingofdissertationlength.aspects:,n坞advertisementsselectedforc撇studiesmainlycovor¥thefollowingclothing,perfume,skinca托珥a氐lct,cosmeticsanandjewelryetc,intheaimofgettingtargddngfemaleoverviewpointofthefaahiolnmagazh坞advertisements∞n蜘曲ef譬.15武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ChapterThreeAnalysisofPragmaticPresuppositioninFashionMagazineAdsTargetingFemaleCustomers3.1AnalysesofFunctionsofPragmaticPresuppositioninFashionMagazineAdsNomatterwerealizeitandornot,advertisementsexistin0111"dailyIireeverytimeamountofeverywhere.AnenormousmoneyhasolibeenspendingOnadvertisements,011巩radio,newspaper,magazine,ovenwewearcthestreeteto.SometimesonreallybotheredbythelargenumberofadvertisementsTv:especiallywhenofmediaarewatchingsomeinterestingprograms,butthisisthearecommercialtruthmanagement.Theadmenatryingtoattracttheoon翻mna瞎’attention,promotetheproductsandpersuadethec.onsumerstopaymoneyfortheproducts.Thisisdefinitelytypicalmodeofcommercialuseadvertisements.Ineffectiveordertodothepromotionworkwell,isonetheadmenwouldmakestrategiescontentofmanystrategies,Presuppositionone.IftheconBumcr8ofthetheandanitisancanunderstandofadvertisementwellandaccepttheideastheadshows,andthencanremembertheadandtheproduct,weistotallynotsaythatthisadisaquitegoodone.Butthisenoughaforasuccessfulad.Whatdoessuccessfuladneed7Firstly,itshouldbebriefandclear,whichmeal够lesscostforthemanufacturer,theadcompanyaandtherCsourc2s.Secondly,anofwaterwithattractiveadcannotbesomethingjustlikebottlenothingspecialinit.Thirdly,themostimportantelementofasuccessfuladis萨odatpersuadingandselling.Persuadingtheconsulller.qtopaymoneyfortheadvertisedproductisthefinalgoalofthemanufacturerandcantheadmen.Forallthethreepointsabove,presuppositionbeagoodchoiceforthetotheadlnen.Presuppositionsintheitselfadvertisementsgenerallyasbelongpragmaticcategoryinthatadvertising咖beconsideredthe90mekindofpragnaticact.011Inthethesis,wewillmainlyfixalstheadsinfashionmagazines,whichmeanads翻℃justsomepictureswithsomeadvertisinglanguagesandimages,∞the16武汉理工大学硕士学位论文functionsofpragmaticpresuppositioninfashionmagazineadstargetingfemaleconsumerswillbecarriedoutfTomthefollowingaspects:pragmaticpresuppositionandadvertisinglanguage,pragmaticpresuppositionandtheadvertisinginformation,pragmaticpresuppositionandadvertisingintegrality.3.1.1PragmaticPresuppositionandAdvertisingLanguageActually,mostofthetime,advertisinglanguageplaysacrucialroleinadvertisements,especiallyintheadvertisementswithsound,fiketheadvertisementsonTV.Whenweagotalkingaboutsomeinterestingadvertisements,thefirstthingwewillsayisalwaystheadvertisingslogan.Thereasonforthismaybethatpeopleal"eusedtoexpresstheirideasbyspeakingatthefirstplace,andlanguageisthemostdirectandefficientwayofdoingSO.Fromtheaboveinformation,wecans∞howimport锄tadvertisinglanguageis.Evenforchildren,theadvertisinglanguageisthefirstmingtheycanrememberaboutanadvertisement.Thewriterhasanephew,acuteboy,only3yearsold.Helikesplayingagame、玩thhismother.Whenhismothersaysthenameofaproduct,hecantelltheadvertisingwordsimmediatelyandheseldommakesmistakes.Butthereisaphenomenonthatthislittleboycarlonlyrememberthoseadvertisingwords、)lrimstrongrh灿'nandbrevity.Someonemaysaythatheisjustalittlekidanditisnotstrangethathecallonlyrememberthoseshort,briefandsimplewords.WeU,let’StalkingaboutOUradults.WhenwearetryingtopickoutsomeadvertisementswhicharereallyimpressivefromOUrmemory,thefirstgroupsmustbethosebriefandattractiveones.Compared、)I,ima10ngandcomplicatedadvertisement,wearelikelytoenjoyabriefandefficientone.Canyouimaginehowboringthe∞趣mme璐feelwhentheyarewatchingalladvertisementwim10ngadvertisingwordsandlastingforseveralminutes?So,brevityisessentialforadvertisinglanguage.Besides,fortheconsiderationofexpense,BOmanufacturerwillbegladtopaysuchabigamountofmoneytoaboringandlongadvertisement.Actually,thetimeandspaceforadvertisementsarelimitedinankindsofmedia.Inotherwords,everywordandeverymilⅡlteforadvertisingcounts.Thus,itistheadlnen’sresponsibilitytomal【econciseandeffectiveadvertisementsforthesavingofa【pa坶瞄andsocial17武汉理工大学硕士学位论文resources,ovenforthec‘如s啪e硌.Ontheotherhand,forthecon双Hners,asweallknow,thehighspeedofeconomydevelopmentreallybringsalargenumberofadvertisementscoveringanareasofourdailylife.neconsumol暑needtoselectandmakedecisions,whichmeaiithateffectiveandbriefadvertisementswinbepreferred,andsuchadvertisedproductsaremoreeasilytoberememberedandmoreattractive,thusthesesortsofadvertisementsa坞morepersuasive.Pragmaticpresupposition锄behelpfulinmakingtheadvertisingwordsbrief,becausemeyarebasedOnthecommonsa瞰辩andareunderstandableinformationforthepublic,∞theycarlbeimpliedinthegivenwordsandareunnecessarytobepointedout.Asamatteroffact,manyofourmeaningsa托encodedatthislevel.AnotherreasonwhypresuppositionhasthepowertomaketheadvertisingwordsmoreconciseisthatpresuppositionaroSOmedegreekindofpragmaticinferences.InferencenK籼thelistener'suseofadditionalknowledgetomakesalseofwhatisnotsaidorwhatisnotexplicitinandutterance.Let’smakeanexample:E.glLove=Platinum~Swe吒2009,OctoberTheaboveadvertisementisaboutweddingringforbride.Everywomanmaymakelotsofplansandimaginationsaboutherweddingceremony,theweddingveilandespeciallytheweddingring.Amongallthestuff,themostimportantsymbolformarriagepromisesisundoubtedlytheweddingring.Then,whatdoesmarriagemeantoawoman?Loveandresponsibility.Whatisthecarrierorsignforloveinmarriage?Ofcourse,itisthering.Allthewomenknowtheanswersofthesequestions,SOitisself-evidentthataweddingringshowsthegroom’sloveforhisje、咖brand,butbride,andit’sthesymboloftheirpurelove.Platinumisactuallyafamouswhytheadvertisingwordscouldbelikethis.Thisisthefunctionofpragmaticpresuppositionhere.Becausethem裁mingoftheadvertisingwordsisbasedOnCOmLl]IOllsel强esofweddingring,thustheimpliedmoaningisunnecessarytobeexpressed.Thisisthetypicallysuccessfuleoopemtionbetweenadvertisinglanguageandpragmaticpresupposition.Presupposition-triggersa∞anothernotionwhichwouldbementionedhere,becauseitisaneffectivewayofmakingtheexpressionofanadvertisementbebrief,either.Actually,Wecallpresuppositionsfromsomelexicalitemsandgrammaticalstructurespresupposition-triggers.They躺reallypowerfulinexpressingthe18meaningsofadvertisements.Forthepurposeofbeingconcise,theadmenwouldmakeeveryefforttoimprovethewritingwork,thus,theadvertisinglanguagewouldSchememorefantasticandimpressive.Peopleforcethearelikelytopursuehigherleveloftolanguageandtheusing,whichwilladvertisementwriteronebemorewaytocreativetalented.Pmgtnaticpresupposition,askindofefficientbytheimprovequal埘ofadvertisingwords,a托frequentlytenditions.adoptedadvertisementwritersaccordingtoconcreteOfcourse,onlybeingbriefwouldnotbeenoughforthemtocatchtheattentionasoftheconsumers’,makeadvertisement.Howre-memberthecontentoftheagoodadvertisementsproducts,arewell,勰theadvertisedproductsandarousetheirinterestOntheathesecondsteptheadmenshouldtrytorealize.TheconsumersfacecanmassofadvcTtisementseveryday,SOtheydefinitelynotremembereachoneofthem,thus,inordertocatchmeirattention,theadvertisementsmustbespecialandshouldbeattractive.Whatdoesspecialheremean?Itmeansthatadvertisinglanguagecreative,diversifiedandimpressiveetc.Firstly,creationisessentialfortheSUCCesSof距advertisement.Anexamplehere:E.92VICHYNORMADERMSOINHYDRATANTANTI-IMPERFECTIONSrootThediSOrderedcommoncellularfore翻:essofoilitexudation,pimplesandpossibleforskintoporesvisible:metabolism.Wouldbebereorganizedlikejigsawpuzzle?一一VM,2006,JulylwomanhasherOWnskinproblemsintheaboveOfcourse,everyandeveryonecaresale80muchaboutthem.Theproblemsmentionedaadvertisementsomeoftheinthemostseriousproblemsforlotofwomen.Whatpointedcana豫thecreativeoutpointsadvertisementlanguage7Atthen,itthethefirstplace,ittherootforsuchproblems;proposesaboldideawhethertheskinbeorganizedoutallOVeragainjustlikerelationshipjigsawpuzzle.Tobefrank,itisfairlyhardtofindanybetwam1薇姿油腊调护保湿霜油脂分泌过剩,小痘痘,毛孔粗大的共同根源:细胞代谢混乱。肌肤能不能象拼图一样重新组织7.——‘听薇>2006年7月号总第55期19武汉理工大学硕士学位论文skinandjigsawpuzzle,becametheyarecompletelytwodifferentthingsinourformedknowledgeofbiology.Itistheperfectadoptionofpragmaticpresuppositionhere.Sincetheadvertisementwriterdesignsthepresuppositioninalloppositewaytotheconsumers’expectation,theconsumerswillbedeeplyimpressedbythissortofcontrast.Thus,thisadvertisementhassuccessfullycaughtthewriter’Sandtheotherfemaleconsumers’attention.Secondly,advertisinglanguageshouldbediversified.Noonewouldliketos∞advertisements诵thlong-winded,衔gidandundynamicwords.Lively,active,aestheticanddramaticadvertisinglanguagewouldcontributetotheenhancementoftheglamourofanadvertisement;thus,createmaximallypositiveinfluencesontheoutcomeoftheadvertisement.Theflexibilityofadvertisinglanguageandthediversityofco姗er’tastesprovideallextensivespaceforthecreationoftheadvertisementwriters.Thefunctionofpragmaticpresuppositioninthispartjustincarnatesintheflexibilityanddiversityofpresuppositionalinformation.Differentformsofpresuppositionalinformationoanbeincludedintheadvertisinglanguageseasily.Thirdly,advertisinglanguageshouldbeimpressive.Ifanadvertisementcallcatchtheconsumers’attentionattheirfirstsights,andthenthecollsumerswillbegladtoappreciatethewholeadvertisementspecifically.Anexamplehere:E.93BIOTHERMSourceTherapieSuperactivFarewell,“dormant'’skinVelvetsmoothness,revivel——RAYFASHIONPIONEER,2008,JanuaryINomatterwhatyoufeelaboutthewordsintheaboveadvertisement,thewriterWasattractedbythematthefirstsight.Actually,mostofthewomenalebotheredbytheroughnessoftheskin’especiallyaftertheir25yearsold.Ttmewilldespoilwomen’ssilkyskinandleavewrinkle¥ontheirfaces.Highpressinthemodemsociety,continuoushigh-stressedworkandtheheavyburdenoffiercecompetition1碧欧泉温泉水元素活肤系列告别.。体眠”肌肤天鹅绒般的柔滑,苏醒!一‘瑞露时尚先锋>2008年1月号总第271期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文makewomenfeelworriedabouttheirrestingskinandphysicalproblems.Howtoawaketherestingskinandsolvethephysicalproblemsaresignificantforwomen,thus,theadvertisingwordscarlattractthemattheirfirstsights.Consequently,theconsumerswouldbeinterestedintheproductsandthepromotionworkoftheproductmaybedonefavorably.Aswementionedintheformerhighcosts,limitedmediatimeandspacesandtherequirementsofco舢er8parts,themakethe龀lmenhavetokeeptheadvertisementsasbriefaspossible.Actually,brevityreallysetgreatdifficultiesandgiveheavyburdenfortheadmgaL耽eyhavetointroduceandpromotetheadvertisedproductsinrequiredtimeandspace,besides,thepromotionprocessshouldbecarriedoutfavorablyandsuccessfully.Howtorealizeif/Neverforgetthemagicpowerofpragmaticpresuppositionandtheabundantresouro陷oflanguage,moreover,theformedknowledgebackgroundoftheconsumers.Letu3makeaBexamplehere:E.94LANCOMEVIRTUOSEDivinelastingoBrvesmascaraSmudge-resistantVcurves,constantlyflyupward…-Style’2008,JulylTobefranlqwhenthewriterfirstsawtheadvertisingwords,sheevendidn’tunderstandwhythecopywriterwouldmakesuchwordsforonekindofmascara..Latter,thinkingaboutit,whenwomenusem孤站羽鹞theycertainlywanttheireyelashestobecurvedwithabeautifulangle.Well,itisthebasicfunctionofmascara.Moreover,whatdoes搿constantly”meanhere?Thewritersfirmlybelievethatthisisonethingeverywomanwhoputmakeuplikemascaraolltheirfaceseverydaywouldknowdearly.Actually,ononehand,mascarawillmakewomen’seyesbeshining;ontheotherhand,itmaydestroythewholefaceifitisnotcapableofresistingtheunpredictablefactors,whichmaypollutethepurityandstabilityofit,liketears,sweat,髓in’wateretc.Canyouimagineafacewithdissolvedmascaraonit?Riskindofnightmareforanywomanwhoconsidersbeautya摹importantasherlife.Thus,the1兰蔻旋翘睫毛膏V翘,恒久飞扬——‘俏丽’2008年7月号21武汉理工大学硕士学位论文qualityofmascarashouldbestableandlastingenough.Consequently,ifthemascarais900denough,curved,lasting,stableandsmudge-resistanteyelasheswouldbealeSOfavorableandglamorous.Actually,thewordsheresetthetypicaladoptionofvaguelanguageinadvertisement.Sincabrevitystrictlimitationforthelengthofadvertisingcouldwords,eachwordshouldsaysomethingbutmeanmorethings.Howwork?Firstly,theconsllmorshavetheirownformedknowledgethisbackground,andtheyhave00mlllonsalseaccumulatedintheirdailylife.Thus,theymayunderstandthoseshortandbriefwords,a,enalwaysthoughthesewordsmakeupthearereallyambiguousones.PragmaticpresuppositionspaceforcanimpliedmeaningadvertisinglanguageunderbackgroundandcomITtOllarouses澉ofli融Secondly,shortofthethehelpofconsulnersandformedknowledgemayarevaguelanguagepeople'sfurtherimaginationareimpliedmeaning,becausepeopleco蝴ers,andE.95curiousaboutthingswhichnottolddearly.Furtherimaginationmayimpressthetheywillremembertheproduct.Anotherexamplehere:B10THERMAQUASOURCENon-Stopom’5,000kilolitres,drink——Style'2008,July‘5,000litersofwater,whocandrinkSOmuchwaterjustatonetime?What?Ourskin?Areyoujoking?Actually,yes!Somephysicalresearchreportsaidifwewantto.keepourbodiesbesufficient谢ttlwatersupply,Weshoulddrinkatleast8bottlesofonewatereveryday.Sodoestheskin.Thr∞s戗Lqon¥inyear,ourskinisinlackofwaters口iously,ifWewanttokeep0111"skinbesilkyandsoft,Weshouldbuysomeskinproducttoprotectourfacefrombeingroughandolder.Inotherwords,thisnotaremoansthatourskindrinkwaterjust勰wepeopledo.Afterknowingthis,itistoseesurprisingatallreallybriefandsuchkindofadvertisingwordstoanymore.Butthesewordsvagueenoughcallmean∞manythings.Ofcourse,onebottleofthiskindofmoisteningeroamnotcontainSOmuchwaterata11,butthedistillateof5。000litersactivemineralwaterc锄beputinthebottleeasily.11圮wordshereinthe1碧欧泉活泉水分露5,000公升,一饮丽尽l~‘俏爵'2008年7月号武汉理工大学硕士学位论文advertisementagesomeexaggeratedandvagueones,butunderthehelpofpragmatictheformedknowledgeofskincream,weandappreciateitscreationsortofcreamspresuppositionandcanunderstandtheadvertisementwellwomenandexaggeration.Actually,mostofthewhoneedthiswillbeattractedbyit.3.1.2PragmaticPresuppositionandAdvertisingInformationInanourmodemsociety,peoplepaymoreattentiontoinformation.21stcenturyisinformation饼:n_tur弘nowonderthatwefrequentlyhearthesayingthatinformationislifc,informationismoney,orinformationoniscompetitivepower,thingslikethese.speaking,inthisPeoplePaymoreandmoreattentionhighlyinformation.GenerallyCandevelopedandcivilizedsociety,onlytheone,whogetthenewestandmostvaluableinformation,couldcangettheopportunitytowininthefiercecompetition.Actually,wefeeltheimportanceofinformationeverydayandeverywhere.Mostofthehousewiveslikethediscountbrochuresfromsupermarketsandlatestemporiums,isbecausethesebrochurescantellthecommoditieswithdiscounts.Rconvenientforthemtochooseourproductstheyneed.Infact,thesebrochuresagekindofinformationcompetitionreliesmuchca:rricrsindailylife.Forthecommercialworld,facingfiercewintheandonstrongrivals,howtoprojectandeverytakeupmoremarketsharesthespeedofcatchingthecrucialinformation.Forsomeonyoungladies,likethewriterherself,shesurfstheinteractdaytocheckthelatestnewsofonpolitics,economy,educationandchatting、丽mfamilyetc.Besidesthese,thewriterlikesshoppingissaidthatthewebandfriends丽tllMSN.Itextent,itintomctisthebiggestoncarrierofinformation.Tosomeisthetruththatpeoplerelyonsomuchintema.Surelyhere,thatisyounoticeweagetalkingaboutvariouskindsofinformationcarrie墙andtheimportanceofinformationinOUrmodemsociety,butneverforgetoneimportantthingadvertisement.Advertisementsexisteverywhereintheworld,nomatteritornot.Advertisementisdefinitely0110ofthemostinfluentialinformationc&rricrsintheworld.Severalknowyearsbefore,whenthemediaWCt'OnotSOwidespread,peoplenow7gottonewproductsslowly,however,whatofistheconditionTkamountofadvertisementsandthespeedtheinformationspreadingagebeyondyour武汉理工大学硕士学位论文imaginationandexpectation.Maybejustbecausetheadvertisingindustryisatdevelopingtoofastthatweignorethesignificanceofitignorance.Howtoaa11.Toomanychoicesmakeexpressasmuchinformationaspossibleinlimitedtimeandonespacescome8tobebigchallengefortheadmen.Asakindofmainstreammedia,canfashionmagazineplaystastesandveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Rmeetdifferenttodemandsofdifferentpeople.Rprovidesallthelatestinformationrelatedfashion,givessuggestionsfordailylifeandgivesUSforthechoicesofmanykindsofproducts,tellssmall6psaestheticenjoymentofreadingit.Almostalthefashionthereadingoftheamagazinesa陀delicatelywilldesigned,OVenadvertisementscostsinthemgiveyouspiritualenjoyment.Possessingsuchbehugemountofreaders,theofputtingpopularityoffashionmagazineswouldneV贸bedoubted,thus,theadvertisementsinthemwiUsmallerspacesanotasmallamountofmoney.Costsavingn”甏u娼andmoreinformation.Onceagain,pragnmticpresuppositionbecomesaregoodchoicehere.Thereandtwobasiccharacteristicsofpragmaticpresupposition:appropriatenessmutualknowledge.Theappropriatenessofpragmaticpresuppositionmeal'kSthatthepresuppositionshouldcombmecloselywiththecontext,whichtheinformationisgiven.Contextisacrucialpo诚hereforthecorrectunderstandingandreceivingoftalkingaboutsomething,thereinformationcanpresupposedinformation,Actually,whenpeoplea糟wouldbesomemisunderstandings,whichmeantheistheobstructionhereforfluentnotbechangedfavorably.Whatarecommunication?BecausepeoplewhotalkingdonotputthemselvesinthesRmofunctionscontext,SOmisunderstandingsappear.Oneoftheofpragmaticforpresuppositioninadvertisementistosetanacceptableandunderstandablecontexttheten.ratersandtheadvertisinginformation.Anexamplehere;E.96AU|PRESMEⅡTI·EFFECTIVEPRC帆CToRSPF18EnjoytheenviedskinBasktheoare.merheatatleisure;treatthewhiteskin、聃ththemostscrupulous——一RAYLADY,2009,JuneI1欧珀莱柔润多效防护乳享受被嫉妒的肌肤武汉理工大学硕士学位论文Iftheadvertisementaboved0嘲’tteII璐thiskindofskinel'camismadeforcaresummeruso,WecanhardlyunderstandwhyWeshouldwhiteningofourskinSOmuch.AsWeallknow,thestrongultravioletofthesunshinemaydoharmvulnerabloskin,however,tlaoimportaneoofwhiteningtoourtooursinandbeautyisCallself-evidentThisadvertisementincludesthepresupposedinformationifweprotectournotskininthehotsull3mer)andthenwewillenvyotherwomenwhoskin,vieoversa.WhatistholllOrtousethishotcr|目Imtowhitentheircontexthere?Summerissuchas俄啪thatthewhiteningofskinbecomesthus,bythehintofthecontextimportantthanthatinotherseasons,callandthepresupposedinformation,Weunderstandthemeaningofthoadvertisementandgettoknowthefeaturesofthisproduct,ITIOI'eOVOI')wewillbooonvineedbytheadvertisementandbuytheproducthomo.Anothercharacteristicofpragmaticpresuppositionismutualknowledgo,whichmeal'lSpeoplowhoal't≥talkingsharesametopic-relatedknowledgebackground.Thisisthefoundationofcommunication.Iftwoladiesaltotalkingabout0110famousbrandtohappily,andtheysurelyknowhowmanyproductcategoriesbelongsuchasthisbrand,callbag,shoes,clothing,make-up,skina睇,pcl'fume)watchandSOOil.Theysharetheirfeelingsofthebrand,andtalkaboutthonewproductsandseries;however,ifonoladywhoknowsnothingaboutthobrandwantstojoininthistopic,silocansayarenothingaboutitandthetopicwillhardtobecontinued.Besides,iftwoladiestalkingaboutsomethingtheybothai't:familiarwith,theyCallomitlotsofextraexplanationsandmakothowordsbebriefanddear,SOdotheadvertisementsinfashionmagazines.AlmostanthewomenwholikereadingfashionmagazinesShale80mt:mutualknowledgoofthemagazinesandthisprovidesexamplehero:atheadvertisedproductsinthem,thus,goodplatformforcommunicationbetweenreadersandtheadmcllLAnE.97GUERLAINPARURETHENEWFOUNDATIONJowelrycosmetic,s,pI'ecl51嚣earringAeonmmmaatcworkwiththeamalgamationofjewdryandcosmetics,containsparticularlyinnovativoelement~lightparticlesofdiamond,shiningtheskinatall悠享炎炎夏日.悉护莹自美胍一‘瑞露伊人风尚'2009年6月号总第324期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文aspects,andtheskinwillbeinbloomingofpure….RAYBEAUTY,2007,SeptemberlIsthereandtransparentlusterlikediamonds.anyrelationshipbetweenjewelrynothaveandcosmetic?Whydoesherementionthisthejewelrycosmetic?Ifpeopledoblotpowder,itisreallyhardtoanyideaaboutthebackgroundofthisunderstandthemeaningofadvertisement.Actual坟thetreasuredpackageofthisblotpowderwasdesignedbytheFrenchnationaljewelrydesignermHerveVanderStraeten.Thepackinglookslikegoldenjewelry,andCanbetreasuredlJpevenafterthepowdersaregone.Afterknowingthebackgroundknowledge,wewilltheplantobuyonenotbesurprisedtos∞suchwordsanymore.Actually,thewriterWasdeeplyattractedbythelookingofthepackage,andforOVenhadcollection.Tosumup,sincethespacesforadvertisementsinfashionmagazinesarelimitedandthecostsaretoohi.ghtoafford,thus,theadmenshouldalwayscompletetheitisreallyeffectiveinadvertisementunderthehelpofpragmaticpresupposition,andimprovethequalityofcommunication.3.1.3PragmaticPresuppositionandAdvertisingIntegralityGenerallyspeaking,thereastheadvertisingarOseveralelementsofacompleteadvertisement,suchandSOlanguage,thepictures,theimages,thedetails,thestructureson.Nomatterwhichpartislostintheadvertisementwillrelyoninfluencetheadvertisingintegrality.Whatdiesadvertisingintegralitymeanconstructahere?Itmeansthatsomeeachelementsevidentlyonwholeadvertisement,andtheywithother,influenceandeachotherandcommunicateeachotherbymeansofsomelinks,whicharenotvisible,butweknowtheretheyare,theydoexistsomewherethewholemakeimpactsadvertisement.Yes,itispragmaticpresupposition.Oneessentialfunction1法国娇兰金钻亮采粉饼珠宝彩妆精雕细琢融合珠宝与彩妆的臻品含独特创新成分—金钻光微粒360度全方位打亮每一寸肌肤绽放钻石般纯净晶透光彩一‘瑞丽服饰美容’2007年9月号总第260期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ofpragmaticpresuppositionisthatitcanbethelinkfordifferentkindsofinformationnotbearanyandcommunication.Lotsofinformationseemsdoothm',buttheyappearfrequentlyincanourrelationship埘nleachdailylifeanyandthecommunicationthesehaveparticipantsphenomenapragmaticcommunicatewitheachotherBecausebothwithoutproblems.Whydoparticipantshappen?ofthecommunicationfortherelatedpresuppositionwithappropriatenessinformation,therefore,thatinformationcanbechangedandunderstoodfluently.soPracticallyspeaking,althoughthereareadvertisement,eachpartisnotmanyelementsinacompleteequallyimportant.Sometimes,theadvertisementetc.However,onesureemphasizesthepictureof也orriolanguagepartofitOilthinghereismattertheemphasisfunctionisisputwhichpart,thetoinformationshouldbemadeaccordingtheco觥erS’demandsinthecorrespondingpresupposedandneeds.InorganizationesSenCO,theofpragmaticpresuppositioncontextualsetinofadvertisementsignificant.Anotheressentialpointhereisthatappropriatenessoftheadvertisingintegrality.pragmaticpresuppositionrequiressuitableBesides,theadvertisingintegralitydoesn’tonlyincludethebasicconstructingelements,butalsoincludethecop.suiners’receivingconditionsoftheadvertisement,aboveandfinall弘therealizationofthesellingwork.Infact,allthepointsberealizedeasilymentionedcannotwithoutthehelpofpragmaticpresupposition.However,ofindifferenttypesofpresuppositionplaydissimilarrolesandemphasizedistinctpartstheadvertisement.Thereareseveraltypesofpragmaticpresuppositionsadvertisements,suchemphasizesinourasfactivepresupposition,beliefandSOpresupposition,effectpresupposition,persuasivepresuppositionthefactsexistingbeforetheon.Firstly,factiveofthepresuppositionfactsappearanceadvertisement.Theclosely丽thmaybesomehabits,etiquettes,manna*s,orjustthosethingswhichdailylifoetc.Thisformofpresuppositionrelatesmosthappenfrequentlythebasicdefinitionofpragmaticsharedknowledgeofpresupposition,whichrefersomittedtothecommonsa嗽andwidelyispeople.Thus,whenthissortofpresuppositionadoptedinadvertisements,theexamplehere:factualpremiseisandnewinformationisgiV髓.AnE.98SASSOONShampooandConditionerLaidhairsmakethefacelooklikesmaller.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文——一RAYFASHIONPIONEER,2008,JunelAc∞rdingtoourehin鹤etraditionalaestheticstandard,smallfaceisrllorefavorablethanbigone.InthefamomnovelwritteninQingdyr潞ty--ADreamofRedMansions,almostallthebeautifulladies躺describedashavingsmallfaces.Thingsstaythesallleatpresent,eVenmoughⅡ坞aestheticstandardstendtobediversified.Thef∞tualpI毯呻ppositionintheadvertisementreferstotheaestheticstandardalreadyfonnedinpeople's如Iilld’and也enthen唧iffformationisthatthissortofshampooandcondition贫啪beautifywomen’shairs,andmakomeirhairslooksm00mandstieldnguptomeirfaces,ttI吣t11eirfacesmay100ksmallerthanbefore,Theimpliedinformationisifyoutllinkyourfaceisnotsmallenoughandyouwanttobemuchmorebeautiful,ple鹄eusetheproducts,andyouwillgetwhatyouwantHowpI髓s珑ISiVeitis,right?ThesecondtypoofpragmaticpI岱叫’positionWIlic:hwillbementionedhereistheeffectpI镯upposition’wb.ichemphasizesthefinalresultandtheeffectoffingtheIm:Mtuct.Itintendstopersuadetheoon羽皿e娼fromtlleaspectofn垃usingeffects.Maybosometimesnledescriptionsoftheeffectsoftheproduetsalittlebitexaggerated,buttheexaggerationissuitableandinteresting,thec(m锄e娼willunderstandthehumorandthomeaning.Theroarelargeamotmt3ofthiskindof础僦is锄哪sinfashionmagazines,喊chdescribetheeffectoffingthe即du啦’,indirectways.Anexamplehero:E.驴ESTEELAUDERNew瓢meZoneLinoandWmll【leReducingMoisturizer3years?5years?1田删Howmuchtimedoyouwanto册"Nowyou伽takemo舱也跹10ye桶offthelookofyourskininjllst4weelbanddramaticallyred:Ilcethelookof训4nkles.Woc强l加OVOit.""Womenlikoyouareconvinced.”一-1删AG2009,删1沙宣深层水养洗护系列服帖秀发刨小脸视觉一‘瑞丽时尚先锋>2008年6月号总第286期勰武汉理工大学硕士学位论文DoyoubelievethatyoucantakeofflOyearsoffthelookofyourskininjust4weeks?Wemustadmitthattherearesomeexaggerationsinthisadvertisement,butitisreallymovingandimpressive.Howtokeepyounglookingaslongaspossibleisonethingthatallthewomenaresearchingforallthroughtheirlives.Therealesomanypoemsreferringtoyouth,andthepoetscomplainabouttheruthlessnessoftime,whichdestroythebeautyanddeprivetheyouthofwomen.Everywomanwillbehappytobelookedmuchyoungerthanheractualago,SOdoesthewdter.Therefore,thisadvertisementtakeadvantageofwomc埴l’ssuchpsychologytopeTsuadcthemtobuytheproducts.Thelastsortofpragmaticpresupposition,whichwillbetalkedhere,isthepersuasivepresupposition.Thetheoryofpersuasivestrategywillbementionedlaterinthefollowingchapters,andthepersuasivepresuppositionisactuallytakeadvantagesofthistheorytomaketheadvertisementbeeffectiveandintegrateinexpression.Anexamplehere:E.gl0GUERLAINExceptionalCompleteCare"Unveilthemysteryofthelastinglifeoforchidinsevenyears'’ThekingofflowerswithmysteriousandmarvelousvitalitySlowssenilityandSerVesall-powerfulskinca∞臣.刈oGUE2009,JulylOrchidisoneofthetoptenflowersinChinaanditisfamousforitsdignityandelegance,thus,ithasthereputationof‘'kingoftheflOWerS"inChina.InancientCllilla'peoplelikedtocomparebeautifulladiestoorchids,justbecausethiskindoffloweriselegant,glamorousandvigorous.Inthisadvertisement,itissaidthattheyhadspent7yearstodoresearchonorchidandeventuallyfoundthesecretsoforchid’Seternallife.IftheGuerlainCompanyreallydidthisandma:kesuchkindofproducttosuspendsfflloscenc.跫andtakecareofwomell’sskineffectively,everywomanwilltry。法国娇兰御廷兰花极致全效修护乳霜。七年破译兰花恒久之谴’花中之王,神秘而非凡的生命力延缓衰老,全能护肤——{VOGUE服饰美容'2009年7月号it,becausetheyarecompletelyconvincedbytheadvertisingwordsandthepersuasivepresuppositionintheadvertisement.Intheaboveexamples,theassertedinformationandtheimpliedinformalioncombinetogethertoshowUSintegrateadvertisementsbythemeansofpragmaticcallseepresupposition.Therefore,wepresuppositionintheimportanceandtofunctionsofpragmaticintegralitySOaskeepingtheintegralityofadvertisements.Bykeepingtheofadvertisements,itisbetterforthecolks-umersunderstandtheinformationtopreferablySaFVethepurposeofpromotingthesalesofproducts.3.2AdvertisementsinFashion3.2.1AnalysisoftheWhenweopenMagazinesMagicPowerofAdswouldappeartelevisions,countlessadvertisementscontinually.weWhenwereadnewspapers,thereareseveralcolumnsfortheradios,stilladvertisements.、0Vhenexistturnonadvertisementsmanyareplayedoneafteranother.Howaboutmagazines?Theconditionstaysthesame.Inandeverytime.Althoughpeoplebrie£advertisementseverywheretoocomplainthattherearemanyadvertisements,theyarehastwosides,SOdoesabsolutelyoneindispensablepartofourdailylife.Eachcoinwereallyfe:eladvertisement.Sometimes,ifourbotheredandboringoftheincreasinglywidespreadadvertisements,we’dbetterthinkabouttheirofadvantagesandfunctionsincandanylifo.theuncontrollablewidespreadadvertisementsbeconsideredasthereflectionofthehighspeedofoureconomyqualityofcommunication.Thedevelopmentandoftheimprovementofthepopularityouradvertisementsisthesignalofthehiglllydevelopedinformationindustryinmodemsociety.Secondly,WeshouldestimatethevalueofplaysasignificantroleinOUrdailyadvertisementfairly.Advertisementlifeandbearsmanyfunctiom.AdvertisementsSOcanbearmanyfunctions,suchaseoonOj圜的function,socialfunction,informativefunction,persuasiveftmctionandsoon.Advertisementstellinformationofthelatestproducts,pe傩adothemtobuytheproaumandtlla吲!b】哈provideconveniencetopeople’Sdailylifeandpromotethedevelopmentofeconomy.Ⅵ慨骶complain武汉理工大学硕士学位论文aboutthetroublesadvertisingbringtoUS,nOVel"forgettheimportaneoofthemin0111"society.Hero,thopersuasivefunctionofadvertisementwillbeexplainedspecifically,sinceitconnectsclosely、玑ththeconsumct's’psychologicalmotivationandthopersuasivostrategies.Besides,itistlaostrongestembodimentofthemagicpowerofadvertisement,andsomeolloevensaidthatadvertisementis011Ckindofsellingart.Theadvertisementsaltomadeaccordingtothoeonsumel'S’eonsurnptivopsychologicalmotivation,thus,tlleycouldbeattraetivoandpersuasivo.IfthoadvertisedproductisOllebottloofperfi皿ewithfamousbrandandspecialsmell,accordinglytheadmenshouldfocus011thereputationofthebrandandtheeffectsbroughtbytlaousingofthoperfumo,indetails,thespecialsmellisthesellingpomhero.Whatabout0130cellphoneparticularlydesignedforthofemales?Ma如ethephonoshouldbeadvertisedaboutthefinequality,beautifuldesign,hi曲securityandthesymbolofhi曲taste.Moreover,amongalltheadvertisementsinmaintrendmedia,those011e8infashionmagazinescomparativelybearhigherlevelofCOlaStlnlcrreceptivity.AsWOallknow,inAmerica,thefashionmagazinomVOGUEiscalled‘'bible'’bythereaders,thus,WeCalls∞theinttueneesoffashionmagazines.Womenwhoreadfashionmagazineswouldliketochooseproductsaccordingtothosuggestionsmadointhobooks,becauseintheirmind,thosefashionmagazinesaropublicationwimKgtlcredibility.Manymagazinesclaimthatadvertisingintheirpublicationgivesaproductprestigo.Well,WehavetoadmitthatnotalltheadvertisementsCallbringtheconsllmel'Sofaestheticenjoyment,butdefinitelylotsofthemcandothis,especiallythosodelicatelydesigned011C8infashionmagazines.Elements,likoglamorousmodels,shiningcolors,attraetivoadvertisinglanguagesandcreativelayoutsetc'make缸'vertisementsbeeomoartworks.Justlookatthocovergirlsofthosofashionmagazines,allthethingsofhera坞SObeautifulandattractive,askingyoutopiektheml|pandopenthemjustlikeputtingsomemagicspellsOilyou.Asonekindofinformationcarrier,advertisementplaysasignificantroleinnl迅informationcentury.AdvertisingisinformingIllswithlargoamountofinformationoverywhero,therefore,,we伽eatelathoseWeneedandtakeadvantagesofthem.Practicallyspeaking,tlaodevelopmentofoconomyand0111"societyreliesnluchoninfomaation,thus,thosigniflea.eoofadvertisementcanneV钉be,eeleeted.31武汉理工大学硕士学位论文3.2.2VisualElementsofAdsinFashionMagazinesAsWementionedinthepreviouspart,1111integrateadvertisementconsistsofseveraldements,sucha3advertisingwords,images,differentSOcolors,integratodistribution,somefictitiousspecialeffects,and011.Eachpartofadvertisingplaystothealtodissimilarroleinit,andthefocusofadvertisingchangesaccordingdemandoftheadvertisedproduct,thatisdementsinanfactualseveraltosay,eVenthoughthereadvertisement,buttheimportanceofthemvariesaccordingly.Ifthoproductisspecialincolors,thenthehandleofcolorsintheadvertisementmayadopt80111t)fictitiousspecialeffectsandUSOthedigitaltechnologytodotheprecisecolorseparationwork.Ifthefocusistlaobeautifulmodels,thentheimageofthemodelswilltakeupmuchmolespacesthanotherelements.IftheemphasisisputOnthoadvertisinglanguage,thenthecopywritershouldshoulderthoresponsibilityofwritingdownthemostattractiveandpersuasivewordsthereadvertisementtoSOastomakothebonoticedandremembered.Thereisono也il培particularinadvertisin争_血ebrand,includingthebrandlogoandthenamo)becauseitconsistsoftwoparts,whichbelongtodifferentcategoriesWelllt'Ogoingtodiscusshero,SOWeshoulddivideitintotwopartsandexplainthenfromtwoperspectives.SineothoelementsinadvertisingbeardistinctfunctionsandsomeofthemOnecanbedividedintodivisionheretocategoryandmadecomparisons,thus,Wealegongingtomakeadistributethemintotwomajorcategories---visualelementsandverbalelements.Specificexplanationanddescriptionwillbemadeinthefollowingparts.CallInthispart,visualelementswillbedescribedindetails,SOthatWeget组overallviewofthevisualworldofadvertising.AccordingWeintendtotothemeofthedissertation,dospecificresearchOntheadvertisementsinfashionmagazinesSO勰toevergetmoteresearchdatainthisarea.Haveyoupaidattentiontothocolorsofthoadvertisements?Practicallyspeaking,forstaticprintadvertisements,thefirstthing,whichwillslrikeUS,isthecolor.Variouscolorsmayrepresentdifferentemotionsandmeanings.Takeredcoloras锄examplohere.:fromChineseaestheticspointofview,rediskindofcolorrelatedtohappiness,forttmoandpassionsayingsinChinarelated协redote.There躺manyoldbeginning(开iskindofcolor,such鹪gettingSOSUCCeflSatthevery门红),boomingli域El子红红火火)’and011.Inbri吐redlucband武汉理工大学硕士学位论文passionatecolorinpeople’Smind,besides,becauseofitsbrighttone,itisrelativelymoreeye-catchingthanothercolors.Therefore,theadmenlikeadoptingredcolorintheiradvertisingpictures.Anexamplehere:E.gllESTEELAUDERNutritiousSeriesDesireforonekindofpurityawayfromtoxinsPomegranatejuiceforskin——一RAYBEAUTY,2007,SeptemberlInthepictureofthisadvertisement,redalmosttakesupallthespaces,andthecolorofthepackageisred,either.Aswealknow,pomegranateiskindoffruitwimredcolorbethinandoutofitanditisfamousforitsfunctionsofdetoxifyingandbeautifyingpeople’SskillTheadmenchooseredastheprincipalcolorfromtheconsiderationofthreeaspects:firstly,redisoneofthemosteye-catchingcolors,anditcancapturepeople’Sattenfioneasily;secondly,rediskindofluckycolorinChin嘲traditionalpo洫ofview,andpeoplearegladtos∞it;thirdly,becausethecolorofpomegranateisredandthepackagingcolorisred,either.Fromtheaspectoftheimportanceofthemodels,weintendtodosomeresearchontheinfluencesofthemodels’identity,reputationandlookingonthepersuasiveeffectsoftheadvertisements。Comparativelyspeaking,ifthemodelisasuperstar,whichisbeautiful,charming,elegant,#amorousand’favorable,theconsunacrswillbegladtobuytheproductshesuggests.ImagingifScarlettJohnsonwearsalleveninggownofPradaandin.educesthelatestseriesofPradabagsinVOGUE,mostofthegirlswillbeundoubtedlyconvincedbytheadvertisement,becauseScarleRJohnsonisoneofthemostfamousandcharmingsupers汹contemporarily.Thus,theadvertisedproductsuggestedbyherwillbemoreprestigiousthanotherones.Anotherexamplehere:.E.912ANESSAperfectUVsunser∞nBidfarewelltotheultravioletradiation(resisttheUVtoprotectthewhiteskin)1全新雅诗兰黛鲜活营养系列渴望一种远离毒素的清净肌肤喝的红石榴水——‘瑞丽服饰美容,2007年9月号总第260期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文AwayfromtheUVandthesunshinewouldnotleavetracesontheskin~一RAYFASHIONPIONEER,2008,JunelInthisadvertisement,asexygirlinblackbikiniiswalkingtothesea.Greenwater,bluesky,whitecloudslandfi-omtheandsexyhotgirl,facingsuchkindofbeautifulandattractivescenery,110onewouldignorethepersuasivepowerinit.onThereexistspresupposedinformationifwekeepusingthisproduct,WOwillbecomewhite,beautiful,sexyandeye-catching.Thenextpointisgoingtobethefictitiousspecialeffectsinadvertisements.Sometimes,theadoptionofdigitaltechnologywillbethedemandsofexaggeration,emphasisandmentionedvividness.IntheadvertisementofVICHYNORMADERMWeinthepreviouspart,acomparisonismadebetweenjigsawpuzzleandpeople’Sskin.Actually,intheadvertisingpicture,theskinofthemodel’Sfaceisdividedintoseveralpiecesofjigsawpuzzles、析thdifferentextent,thepictureisaskinproblems.Tosomereallydramaticlittlebitfrightening,butontheotherhand,itisandimpressivefortheFinally,wearecon飘m熵toremembertheproductandtheadvertisement.goingtotalkaboutthespecialelementmentionedatthebeginningofthisp跚t_-mebrand1090ofproducts.Generallyspeaking,thoseadvertisedproductswheneverpeoplewords,theseeinfashionmagazinestheloges,theyarebearinggreatreputations,thus,willfeelcredibilityandgoodquality.InotherlogesoffamousbrandsgivetheproductsofprestigeAfterspecificexplanationsofthevisualelementsofadvertisements,wecanshouldthinkaboutthesignificanceandfunctionsofthemfromvisualahigherlevel.Atfirst,thegetvisualelementsbearaestheticsignificances,whichmeanweadvertisements.Secondly,theseenjoymentfromappreciatingthosechromaticcolors,charmingeffectsinmodelsandfictitiousspecialvisualelementsprovideuswithlargeamountofinformation,whicha托tosomeextentmorethanthatofverbalelements.Thirdly,theya坞morepersuasiveandattractivethanverbalelements,because1资生堂安热沙防晒露向紫外线告。白。远离紫外线阳光不留痕一‘璃薅时尚先锋'2008年6月号总第286期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文picturescanusuallyrefertomorethingsthanotherthingscanpsychologicalreSe砒visualdo.Accordingtosomeelementsgivemorestimulationtopeople’Spsychologyinthosestaticthanverbaldementsdo,especiallyaleprmtadvertisementsinfashionaremagazines,thedifferencesmoreevident.Thereadersoffashionmagazinesmoreeasilytobeconvincedbyattractivepicturesthanthoseadvertisingwords.Eventually,theimportanceofvisualelementsinfashionmagazinesismoreobvioussuccessanddirectthanotherdements.Thosevisualelementscontributealottotheofadvertisements.3.2.3VerbalElementsofAdsinFashionJustasMagazinesthereareseveralelementsinthevisualcategoryofadvertisements,thepresupposedverbalcategoryconsistsofsomedidtheresearchofelements,either.Inthementionedtherefirstpartofthischapter,weadvertisinglanguageinspecifically,besidesthis;theinformationofadvertisinglanguageWasofpragmaticwefromtheaspectoffunctionspresuppositiononeadvertisements.Inelementwhichtheabovepartofthisdissertation,twologotwoadvertisin呻ebrandmentionedspecialcoversbasiccategoriesofofproduct.Actually,thebrandandflameconstitutearesoanintegratebrandsymbol,andwealwaysremembertheseinthoseparts.Theremanyasfamousbrandsputtingadvertisementspopularfashionmagazines,suchLANCOME,ESTEEI,AUDEIkDIO&GUCCI,C王|ANEL,PRADA,BIoTHERM,GUERLA跗,CLINIQUE,CalvinKlein,LANEIGE,Kanebo,NEWAUPRES,OLAY,SK.-.Ⅱ,PIAGET,Sisley,CELINEfashionandSOon.Veheneverwomenseethesebrandsinmagazines,enthusiasmforthemandthemotivationtopurchasethemwillbestimulated.Besidesparticularnotallthethreesortsofverbalelementsmentionedabove,oneformofadvertisementexistsinfashionmagazines.Strictlyspeaking,itiskindofyouregularadver'dsingform,butitdoseftmctionlikeadvertisements.Havenoticedthosedifferentcolumnsinfashionmagazines,likespecialfeature,musthave,luckymessageetc.Thesecolmnnsareinteractivepartsbftw嗽magazinesomethingwitheditorsandreaders,andtheeditorswillaskthemodelstoputOilbrands’andthen,writedowntheintroductionofthosethings,includingthebrands,priceseto.Actually,briefintroductionsoftheproductsinthesepartsdonottakeup武汉理工大学硕士学位论文thesamespaces鹪thoregularadvertisementsdo,butthey啪beconsideredasadvertisementstosomeextent.Atterdiscussingonthosoveraldementsofverbalcategory,We’dbetterdo¥omoanalysisonthefeaturesandsignifieaneoofverbaldementsinadvertisements.Atthefirstplato,verbaldementsexpressmeaningindirectwaythatpeoplocallreecivoinformationofthoadvertisedproductsinbriefandconcreteforms.Secondly,thodescriptiveftmetionofverbaldementscallnotboignored,becausethoseadvertisingwordsintendtodescribetheftmetions,compositionsOrlawmaterialsetc.Therefore,weCallformconcreteandclearimpressionsofthoinformationrelatedtotheproduet&Thirdly,asw它discussedinthefirstpartofthischapter,thoverbaldements。espeeianythoadvertisinglanguage,bearaestheticvaluefromtholiteraturopointofview.Fourthly,tlaoverbalelementsbearthefunctionofpemlading,thus,thopersuadingstrategiesshouldmakeeffectsbyrecallsofthem勰wellillsthevisualelements.Lastbutnottheleast,forcommunicationbetweencOllSUlllel'S,theverbalelementsarcmoireconvenientfororallycommunication.Tosumup,thevisualelementsandverbaldementsarctwosidesofOnecoin.and1100110canbeomittedandignoredintheconstructionofanintegrateadvertisement.Thetwoaspectscooperatewi也eachothertomakealladvertisementbeintegratedandrealizethoaimofsellingtheproduct.3.3TheSelf-aestheticConsciousnessofWblllleII3.3.1ThePursuitofBeingPert'eetItissaidthatpeoploalebomwiththodesiroforbeauty,anditisthebomnaturoofpeoplotoadorethosebeautifulthings.Therefore,itisunderstandableforworncll’8enthusiasticpursuitofbeingbeautifulandperfect.Generallyspeaking,‘'beautiful”is觚abstractandintegrativeword,01"itisbettertosaythatitisanonobjeetivoconceptWhy面wethinksotThat'sbecausetheaestheticstandardshavobeenchan西ngaccording幻differenthistoricalbaek霉,ounds.Fortlaethoroughanalysisofthoself-aestheticcDnseioumessofwomen,Welaavotod0somen胬岔如ontheaestheticstandardstowardswomenindifferonta喝BofChine∞history.As01111≥ofthefour武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ancientcivilization,Chinahasbeencountrieswitharlacountryadvocatingbeautysincetheancienttimo.However,withthetransitionofthetimes,people’sviewsassociatedwitllbeautyhavebeenchangingallthetimo.Sincethelimitationoftholengthofthispart,WewilldescribethestandardsfromHartdynasty.InHartdynasty,althoughpeoploattachimportaneotothebeautifulappearanceofwomell,theinnertobeautyWaSmuchIIlOrl孝significantwomelll.Beeausopeopleinthatperioaemphasizedthevalueofvirtuesandmorality,thus,theplaeoofmoralityWaSputOVeI"thepositionofphysicalbeauty.IntheWei,Jin,andNan-Beidynasties,eV'ellthoughitWaSthedarkest1)eriodwithseriousoconomiechaosandpoliticalconfusioninChinesohistory,iti6thomostpassionateandfreeperiodinpeoplo’sspiritualworld.Theself-aestheticconsciousnessofwomellcallleintobeingandthefemaleswe舱goingtopursuobeautyconsciously.InTangdynasty,鹪aresultoftheprosperityandhighlydevelopedcivilization,theaestheticaspectsofthatperiodtendedtobo“gorgeous'’and“aestheticism'’.Inbriet;peopleinTangdynastyeomideredembonpoint鹊themostwidelyacceptedstandardofbeauty.InSongdynasty,theaestheticcriterionchangedfrom‘‘gorgeous"to‘'plain".InMing-Qingdynasties,thobeautyofwomenw嬲restrictedseverelydueIntotheinfluencesofthepoliticalsystem.modemandcontemporaryeras,asaresultoftheculturaleornmunieationwittlothercountriesandthedevelopmentofnationaleconomy,theaestheticstandardstendtobeextremelyfreeanddiversified.To文Ⅱnup,theaestheticcriterionsofdifferentwereformedduotothoe1-a8intlueneesofpolities,economyandeulturo,andtlaoaestheticstandardsoffemaleswererefleetiomofthosesocialfactors.Atterreviewingtlaocontinuallymutativehistoryofaestheticcriterions,we姗goingtofindouttherelationshipbetweenaestheticstandardsandcontemporaneousfashionmagazines.Actually,fashionmagazinesalwaysgowi也thotrendsofpopularity,thus,thefashionmagazinesa阳embodimentsofthemostwidelyacceptedaestheticstandards.Besidestheassociationwimaestheticstandards,thefashionmagazinosthemselvescanbokindofaestheticenjoyment.Besidesthisaspect,contentstothefashionmagazines锄≈flexibleinadaptingthen凋d懿’requirementsandtastes;ltlcroforo,different8et-ie8offashionmagazinosa托designedfordifferentgroupsofpeoplo.Anoxamplohero:theRaymagazineinChinahasfourversions,andeachonehasitsspecializedl'l冀lders.Infact,thepromptvariationsoftlaecontentsjust武汉理工大学硕士学位论文thereflectthequickresponsesandaccurateposition-settingoffashionmagazinestocontinuallyvaryingaestheticstandards.Asforthereasonswhypeoplelikereadingfashionmagazines,differentpeopleonemayhavedistinctallSWerS)butthereisthingsurelystayingthesameforthecallvastmajorityofpeople---intheprocessofreadingfashionmagazines,theygetsuggestionsandknowthestandardsofreferencetobeauty.Byreadingthose“fashionbibles",Weknowthelatestseriesof双舡坨skinca∞branmtheanswersforo毗skinproblemsandthesdoctionofsuitablemake-upforourselveseto.Neverdoubtthefactthatthoseeditorsoffashionmagazinearecertainlyexpel尥insuchareas.Well,someonemayfeelc:I:lriousthatwehavebeentalkingaboutbeautyalltheistherelationshipbetweenisalwaysaontime,butthetopichere翻冀:mstobepcrfectiomWhat"beautiful'’and"perfect"7Agoingtogoodquestionhere.Beautythewayofbeperfect.Beingperfectisthehighestlevelofbeingwoman,butitwiltbelievesthatneversheberealizedallbethroughthelifeofanywoman,becauseateveryonecanbetter,eVenthoughsheisquitegoodoneveryaspects.Inthefollowingpsychologyofpursuingparts,wewilldosomespecificresearchesperfection-Firstofwomen’sall,women’spursuitsofbeingperfecta∞thepuredesiresforbeauty.Everywomanwouldliketobemoreandmorebeautiful,andthentobeperfect--nobestbutonlybetter.Therefore,theadvenjsenN汹canalwaysbenefitfi'omwomen’¥suchkindofpsychology.Anexamplel圮ro:E.913AmwayARTISTRYARTISTRYtimeereaillGoesbeyondtimeandlightsupyouth—-RAYL龇2009,Juneleveryefforttobeautifythemselves,theyaleActually,althoughtheinfluencesoftimewomennothavebeentryingcanbecontrolledala11.Whengettingolder,age1雅姿臻萃焕能乳霜雅姿时光面霜超越时光点亮青春一‘瑞露伊人风尚'2009年6月号总第324期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文mayleaveitstracesontlleirfaces.Forwomenwhoproducts,whicharealeenthusiasticforgettingmorebeautiful,thoseskintimeoncagecapableofreducingtheinfluencesoftheirfaces,willbetheirbestchoices.totheSecondly,thepursuitsofbeingperfectequalself-esteem.Risnotsurprisedthatadesiresforconfidenceandmuchmorebeautifulwomanwouldbemorewouldbeaconfidentthanothers.Undoubtedly,everyonebeautiful."‘'Youarehappytohearsuchcomplimentsas"Youa坞SOcan’tsuchcharmingandsexygirlthatImovemysightsformyou.’’Womenwillneverrefusethoseswcotcomplimentsrelated、玩mbeauty,andthesewordsarejustlikemagicspells.Anexamplehere:E.914IBIOTHERMWHITEwhite,cleanDETOXBOTANIC【A】LYZERtransparentskinuniquely.Make-upBaseenjoymyand—一—RAYLADY,2008,JunelThemostattractiveChinesecharactershereare“专享’,’whichitme811syouhavesomethingbetterthanothers,andyoucanenjoyjustbyyoursdf.Riskindofembodimentistoofself-esteemOUrandmentalsuperiority.Besides,theeffectoftheproductwhitenskins,thus,Wec孤possessbeauty,others’jealousy,self-esteem,andbeautiful,justwantconfidenceandmentalsuperiority.Thirdly,wom钮1wanttobecharmingbecausemeytodrawmales’attentionandcapturelove.AnotherE.915DiorAddictexamplehere:Shine…RatAYBEAUTY,2007,September2Lookatthebrand,thenameoftheperfumeandthemodelintheyouwillbesightwasadvertisementattractedyoUrfirstsightandneVefforgotit.Asafemale,thewriter‘Scapturedabythesexymodel,notmentionthosemales.Ablondegirlwearingonpinkbrawithdiamondl090ofDioritliesOnthefloor、Ⅳittlasexycountenance.1碧欧泉净萃透白隔离霜白暂净透.我专享的好肤色一‘瑞丽伊人风尚)2008年6月号总第288期4迪奥晶采魅惑香水Stem一‘瑞露服饰美容'2007年9月号总第260期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文Sucht0abeautifulandhotassexy础willbew砌ywelcomedbymales,SOeverygirlwantsalebeasher,andthenweconvincedtobuytheperfume.isoneAtlast,wewilldiscussthesocialeffectsofbeauty.Thereourkindofsayingthatbeautyiskindofcompetitiveforcesinmodernsociety.Whentwogirlswithsamelevelsofeducationbackgroundcompeteforthesamebeautifulonejob,therelativelymayhasmoreopportunitiestogetthejob.Itisthetruth.Besidesthis,inSCCl"notherareasofsociety,beautifulandtalentedwomfflleither.hbrief,nomatterwerealizethefactwhichortohavemorechances,not,beautyandperfectionaretopics,willngverbeignoredbypeople,,especiallythosepursuitofbeingwomenwithstrongself-aestheticconsciousness.Thestop.beautifulandperf碱willnever3.3.2TheStrongSenseofBeingFashionableBeforewetalkaboutwomen’sstronghaveoneasenseofbeingfashionable,we’dberetclearideaaboutthedefinitionandessenceoffashion.Atpresent,fashionisofthemostfrequentlymentionedwordsinpeople’Sdailylife.However,althoughexactwetalkaboutfashioneveryday,Weseldompayattentiontothemeaningofit.anWhattrenddoesfashionreallymean?Generallyspeaking,thetermfashionreferstooverwhelmingtrend,whichaffectsmostoftheareasinsociety.Furthermore,thewillchangemorepromptlythanthecultureasawhole.Theterms¨fashionable—and¨unfashionablenarewiththeemployedtoestimatewhethersomeone01"somethingfitsincurrentpopulartrendOrnot.Thetermisfrequentlyadoptedinapositiveassense,bearingthesamemeanings锣le.InthisSellS色fashionisathehighleveloftasteandcriticallyacclaimedsortofhighlypraisedaesthetictrend,throughwhichpeopleexaminetheirconceptsofbeautyandgoodness.Moreover,asoneofthemostwidespreadpublications,fashionmagazineisthebestcarrierforfashioninformationandmusic,越all硒p∞ts,suchasclothing,cosmetics,arts,architecture,cuisinedanceformsofspeech,economy,entmainmenm,sports’hobbies,mediaand∞OILcanPeoplelikereadingfashionmagazmes.becausetheygetsuggestionsandinformationtogreattheyneed,furthe5rmore,fashionmagazines,especiallythosebestsellers,are40extent也e风hioncriterionsf蕊onable·Fromtheaspectoffemalereadersofthosef弧hionmagazin豁,me伽tbusi绷forpeoplewhobearstrong¥ellSeofbeing向rf缸hion’鹪wdl勰forthefaShionfollowingmag瘟n髓,wouldbeexplained舶m吐lekindofan西懿:theeuriosi哆fornovelthingS,thehigller-levdpursuitofmaterialandSpMtuallifIe,theapprovalofsel£onesonofa矾etiesentimentandOnesoeialeffects.At也efirstplace,thef.emm∞仔equently托adingfaShionmag邸iIl鹤alwayShavestrongcuriosityuponnovelthin笋,besides,maybetllcya∞删fansforthose哲ob2LIlyfirst-d弱sbrands'wllielawillshowtlleirnewseri髓ofproductsinfasllionmagazin骼regularly.Thosemoddsand跚Ip盱stars诵thweU-designeddothin吕shininglooks,famousbrandbagsandsho锱,舔wdl嬲professionalpos髓,willdefimtelystrikoallthefernaloeoltmansfornovelthin铲,融勰newlyopenedbarsanddubs,丘mI出sedSOfeaders.Moreov既)tlle佗a阳always咖duImonstoroforfamousbrandsandomAnexampleh髓弓:E.916ChowSangSangDiamondinsportsmotionShiningandmotivevitali锣一RAYIIlOUrFASHIONPIONEER,2008,JunelopimoIl'ChowSangSangisafamousjewelryb啪也anditisreallyhard协绷datejewel巧withsp僦s.Sm∞diamondalwaysrepr豁伽晒l憾ury,deganco,哲锄伽randwealth,We咖h盯myputitatogeⅡlerwithsports,butChowSangSangnotionofSlx)rtsdidit.Thoideaofmakingdiamondnecl【lace谢也theis炳lutdycreafivc.ForwomelrlwholikeⅡlosenovelthingswiUcompletelybeattractedandconvinced.TheywiUtryit雒s00n勰po豁ible,ifttleyreallylikethestyleandaI’pr。ciatetheSecondl弘the蜘-lcvdp呱觚tstocI枷Veidea.ofmaterialandspiritIlalli南willneedformsoflife.Whent0跚伍ci饥tinformationabout也0sewealthyenoughn唧刚船andpeoplo眦afford∞mething脚岫expe衄ive,they丽ntryfindsomething1周生生Diamondjn印岫删on炫动活力——‘璃丽时尚先锋)2∞8年6月号总第286期4I武汉理工大学硕士学位论文refreshthemselvesafterbusywork.HowaboutnewtoaspaOilholiday?Thereale80mespecialcolumnsinfashionmagazinestomakespecificintroductionofassomething,andthesespecialintroductionsCanbeeither.Letusmakeanconsideredsortofadvertisement,examplehere:E.917Beautifulskinwillinl'嘶veinthejourneyofe吗oyiIlgtheagelessSPASwitzerland.——一RAYFASHIONThemarePIONEER,2008,Januarylthiscohmm,suchasmanyfamousSwissspacentersintroducedinBeauRivagePalace,ParkHotelVitznau.Lcukerbad,Engelberg,HotelBaeren,HotelGstaaderhofandSOon.Spawateristhoughttobeverygoodforhealth,andatherearemanyfamousandspatownsinSwitzerland.Ifarewomenwanttotakerestaandrelaxthemselves,thosespatownsrelaxingluxuryoptions.Takingspaisreallytoogoodwayofrefreshing.Nevermakeyourselfbetiredandbusyofworking,takethetimetoenjoySOmecomfortablethings.Thirdly,whenfemaleispraisedforbeingfashionable,sheherselfwillbeproudofandconsiderbyothersthisastheapprovalofherself.ThefeelingofbeinglendconfidencebeautySOaspraisedorapprovedwouldtothefemales,especiallythosecomplimentsassociated、jIritllleamnewthingsaboutfashionaimandfashion.Girlsreadfashionmagazinestotoadoptthosenovelthingstothemselves,intheofbeingmorebeautiful,charmingandfashionable,therefore,theywilldifferentiatethemselvesfromthoseordinarygirls.Asfortheaestheticsentimentofbeingfashionable,wefromtwo勰pcc埝.Actually,nottrendoffashion,becauseoneategoingtodiscussiteveryonecanagree、ⅣimthemostonewidelyacceptedideasaboutnotthousandpeoplemayhavethousandHamlet.Theattitudestowardsfashionvaryaccordingly.Forthosepeoplewhodoappreciatethebeautyofthelatestfashiontrend,fashionmaybeworthless;however,forthosepeoplewhobythefashiontrend.Lastbutnotthea坞enthusiasticforfashionstuff,theywillbedeeplyinfluencedleast,nomatterpeopleappreciatesthosefashionmdsornot,1艳肌再生璃士不老SPA之旅一‘瑞露时尚先锋'加∞年1月号总第271期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文theyhavebeenplayingsignificantrolesinoursociety.Fashionisagreatindustry.Itimprovesourleveloflifo,promotesthedevelopmentofeconomyandmakesimpactslife.ThosesocialeffectsoffashiontoeveryaspectsofourCanneverbeignored,butshouldbecherished.3.4Researcheson”白menandAdvertisementsGenerallyspeaking,theresearchfromtheonwomenandadvertisern饥tswillbemadefollowingtwoaspects'.therelationshipbetweenfemalereadersandadvertisements;ontheotherhand,therelevancebetweenthosefemalemodelsinadvertisementsand-advertisements.Sincetheresearchisbasedmainlythefemalefashionmagazines,hence,theadvertisementswillbenarroweddowntothoseadvertisementsinfashionmagazines.Firstofall,therelationshipbetweenfemalereadersandadvertisementsisreallycomplicatedanddiversified,becausethefemalesreadfashionmagazinesoutofondifferentpurposes,andtheyintendtoanglesgetinformationtheywantinthosemagazines,therefore,theappreciationconsideringfromtheinformationadvertisementswillbeaspect,thefemalereadersofareasdistinct.Firstly,theareadvertisinginformationrecipients,whiletheadvertisementstheinformationcarriers.Thepossibleinthosetoadmenmakesufficienttheeffortstocontainasmuchinformationlimited-sizedadvertisements,becausecommunic斌iontheconsumersaskthoseadvertisementsbebriefbutwithinformationoftheproducts.Secondly,advertisementstheprovidechannelsforconsun3er¥.theirForamongmanufacturers,admenandadvertisementssatisfiedmanufacturers,theadlnenthatistoshouldmakerequirements,theadvertisementsshouldbehelpfulinrequiredtobeproducts,thus,theadvertisementssay,thearepromotingthesalesoftheirpersuasiveenougll.Forandconsumers,saythefemalereadersofthosefashionmagazineadvetlisements,thebeattractiveadvertisementsshouldgivethemenoughinformationoftheproductstopayandpersuasive,SOthattheconsumersw.illbeconvincedHowever,thedemandsoffortheproducts.femalecon羽姐e疆varyaccorOingiy,sotheconcretedifferentpa'suasivostrategiesinshouldbeadopted.Lair9informationofpersuasivestrategiesadvertisingwillbegiM弛Thirdly,fromthepureaestheticaspect,mostofthetime,thefemalereadersbecausetheyareenjoyingappreciatingthosefashionmagazineadvertisements,reallydelicatelydesignedandfIlllofcreation.To,someextent,thefashionmagazineadvertisementlookatiskindofart.Ifwedonotthinkaboutthefinalcallpurposeofitandjustitfromtheaestheticpointofview,Wereallyappreciateitfromtotallydi.fferentanglesandget80menewideas.Fourthly,forthetomanufacturersandadmen,thefinalgoalispromotingsales,however,forthefemalereaders,besidesthefunctionsofgettinginformationandbeingpersuasive,fashiontheyca阳muchabouttheandaestheticvaluestheoffashionmagazinetoadvertisements.硼10SOadvertisementsfully-developedaestheticsystemandlikeconsideratefriendshelpfemalesbuildupthe-justprovidethemwithbeautifyingsuggestionsandresponsibleexperts.toNext,wea∞goingmodelsdescribetheWerelevancebetweenthoseadvertisingfemaleandtheadvertisements.Ascanseefromtheexamplesmentionedinthepreviouspartsofthisdissertation,thevastmajorityofthoseadvertisementsthatthoseincludefemalemodelsaleintheirvisualfemalefashionmagazineelements.Neverforgetthefactbecontainedinthefemalemodelswomen,either.TheywiIIadvertisements;moreover,theyhavetheirOWnunderstandingandopinionsabouttheadvertisements.Atthefirstplace,thefemalemodelspartsoftheadvertisements;arehence,theya坞theinformationtellers.Forofskincareexample,iftheadvertisedproductissortcreamforwhitening,themodelshoulddefinitelyhaveperfectwhiteandsilkyslan,ortheeffectsoftheproductwillnotbecredibleata11.Anotherexamplehere:iftheproductiSkindofcosmeticsusedtobeautifywomen’seyelashes,themodelhavetobebeautifulintheeyeswiththemascara.Inbrief,thespeakersforthosearefemalemodelselementOffa坞themostimportantcharmingadvertisedproducts.Eventually,thoseandattractiveandbeautifulmodelsthemostpersuasiveinadvertising.CanAlbawillnotyouimaginethatonebottleoffamousbrandpeTf-ulneusedbyJessicaeyebesoldwell?HowaboutthelipsticksusedbyChristinaAguilerashadowsuggestedbyBeyonceKnowles?NowonderthatthefemaleconsumerswilleasilybeconvincedbythesefashionMuses.To双瓶uP,therelationshipbetwcellwomenandad:vertisements,especiallythoseffshionmagazineads,isreallyagoodresearchissueandworthyoffurtherstudy.44武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ChapterFourPersuasiveStrategiesandPragmaticPresupposition4.1ThePersuasiveStrategiesbyInordertoMeansofLogesachievesuccessinsdlin吕themanufacturersandadmenneedtofindandEthos.Afterreferencefromthethreeappeals,theyattractcanappeals:Loges,Pathosbalancingthethreetakeadvantageofdifferentstrategiestoapproachthe∞碰mm日s,theirattention,seekagreements,conveymessages,sellproductsandestablishtoconsumer'slong-termloyaltytotheproducts.Theultimategoalofadvertisementispersuadethecon羽】me糟tobuytheproductsandestablishthelong-termreliance,onebecausoanykindofterminationmeallslosses,notonlymoneywhichisofthemainfactor,butalsothecredibility,reputationsandimagesbuiltupdifficultlybythemanufacturersnotandtheadmen.Sincethelimitationofthedissertationlength,wea陀goingtointroduceallthethreeappeals,butonlythestrategiesbymeansofLogeshereaswillbeintroducedthetheorysupportfortheanalysisanddiscussion.theword,butitmearlsLogesisalsocalledrationalappeal,and,literally,moansrca]80llmorebroadlytheembodimentUSeforhumanofultimatetruth,orwereasonscansayitistopersuadebythesupportaofreasoning.Itistheexplicitthetermthearguerprovidestoposition.UnderLoges,wecouldappealtoteaseR,thatistherationalappealsintermsofmarketing,Thespeakeristryingtoconvincetheaudiencesthroughreasoningandlogicalthereasoningwhichappealingtoincludesdeductionandabouttheirunderstanding,hehastouseinduction.Thespe.,akershouldfirstnOWisrightandreasonable,80thatarelessinformativemaketheaudiencebelievewhatistalkedaudiencethewouldliketogiveattention.Audienceshavetheircomparedwithspeaker,however,they郫Ipealtotheaudicllog's脚lliI培oronjudgments,SOthespeakershouldfirstafterseekthoragreementsandapprovals.Onlytheyhavebeenthe881110commollgroundcanthespeakerbeginsthepermasion.4.1.1AppealingtoCommonSenseWhentheaudiencesareexpectedtochangethormindOnanimportant妇职the武汉理工大学硕士学位论文speakerisnotlikelytobesuccessfulunlessheororshecanappealtocommonmotivesknowledge.一FindthethereaderOVeryourdiscussedissueisaside."(呲1969:246).Theofthemwilltakeitcommoninterestsorthesharedconvictionsthatwillbringspeakershouldemphasizethatthewidelyheldprinciplebypeople,moreover,noasamatterwhotheyorare,where也eyare劬m,alluniversalprincipleidea.OnlyafterthatmeyhaverecognizedtheuniversalitydotheywanttoknowmoreaboutiL4.1.2PersuadingbyDegrees咿rakingthereaderfromwhereheistowhereyoupersuasivewanthimonetobe—isthespeakershouldacharacteristicsforsituationdo(G咄1969:247).Beingpatientisoftheessentialspeaker,especiallyforthosesalespI跚ns.Theyobservethemoment,estimateorandmoodofthewhattheideasinaudienceisreadyfor,andprecedetheirmostimpollmntpointsintendedanorderlywayandstepbyfromsimpletodifficult,step.Thefirstpointmostoftenusedmethodsarepersuasionmovedfromfamiliartonew)fromsafetoorcontroversial,丘ompossibletoparadoxical.Theasamessageisnotnecessarytobetheprincipalone,butservesthestarter.PersuasionfromsimpletodifficultToopreparesaudiencesforthefuturediscussions.difficultmessagewill衔出钮theaudienceevenmaketheaudiencesgiveuP.Theorprocessofpersuadingfromfamiliartonewistoseektheaudiences'sympathiesagreements.Theoraudienceswillgethintsoutofthosefamiliarpoints,andknowtheagreementsacceptanceofthenewideasbecomenatlH西andonereliable.Oneshouldwhatthebystepalwayspersuadefromsafetocontroversial,becausewillneverotherpeoplearereallyinto.Thespeakershouldpresentthemessagestepofthealongwimtestingthetentativenessargumentsandmovetothetopic.Thespeakershouldfindthesafestcontroversialones.Theagreementsofthosesafetopicsandacceptableplatformsforthewillbecomethesolidfoundationsdiscussionsoftheenlightenmentfortheparadoxicalissue.PersuadingbydegreesisBveryeffectivewaytoguidepeopletotherightmuchdirection'andinformationawayofgettingpeopledilutetooto曲whatthe跚暇妇口intendsto.Toomessagewilltheimportance,toodifficultorwill衔蜘thetoomuchaudience,beingcriticalpersonalwillc羽l∞annoyance,and46武汉理工大学硕士学位论文explanationwillgivetheimpressionofincredible.Thewaytodevelopallexplanationofacomplexordifficultideaistoproceedstepbysteptodistinguishseveraldegreesofsimilarityanddifference.Theorspeakershouldcontrolthespeedandamountatwhichtheinformationisgivenrevealed.4.2PersuasiveStrategiesandPragmaticPresuppositionAswementionedinthepreviouspartinthischapter,inordertoachieveSUCCESSinselling,theLoges,Pathosmanufacturersandandadmenneedtofindreferencefromthethreeappeals:Ethos.However,thewriteronlymadespecificexplanationsofthepersuasivestrategiesbymeartsofLoges,justbecauseitbearstheclosestrelationship丽mpragmaticpresupposition.Inchapterth∞e'thewritermentionedmutualthetwocharacteristicsofpragmaticpresupposition---appropriatenessandknowledge,whicharesimilartothetwoaspectsofthepersuasivestrategiesbyme锄ofLogos.ThefirstpointofthepersuasivestrategiesbymearkqofLogesisappealingtocommonsense,whichintendstoprovideacomIIlongroundforthepersuasivestayssimilarlywithit.Onbehaviors.Coincidently,thefunctionofmutualknowledgethebasisofmutualknowledgeandcommonfeaturesense,theofadvertisementsc冒tnbeunderstoodandcontext,whichaccepted.Anotherpragmaticpresuppositionisappropriateness,whichmea珊thatthethepresuppositionshouldcombinecloselywiththeinformationisgiven.Contextisacrucialpointhereforthecorrectunderstandingandreceivingofpresupposedinformation.Actually,thesecondpoimofthepersuasivestrategiesbymeansofLogosispersuadingbydegrees,whichmea璐thatthespeakerrequiredsteps,suchasshouldtrytopersuadethetoconsumersaccordingtosometofromsimpletodifficult,fromfamiliartonow,fromsafeSOcontroveTsial,frompossibleparadoxical,andon.TheaadoptionsofthesepersuadingstepsdependonthecontextofcommunicationtogreatextenLGenerallyspealdng,therea坞severaltypesofpragmaticpresuppositionsinpresupposition,effectadvertisements,such勰factivepresupposition,beliefpresupposition,persuasivepreposition,andeachkindofpresuppositioninattractiveandpersuasive.SOon.Actually,thepurposeofadoptingistoadvertisementsmaketheadvertisanentsbemo他武汉理工大学硕士学位论文Tosumup,therelationshipbetweenpersuasivestrategiesandpragmaticsimilaritiesatpresuppositioncanbereflectedbothbythecharacteristicsandfunctions.4.3ApplicationsofPersuasiveStrategiesandPresuppositionAccordingtoConsumptivePsychologicalGenerallyspeaking,persuasivestrategymeanspersuasion,anditdosecanMotivationoftheskillsandmethodsbeadoptedinvariousfieldsofoursociety.Meanwhile,itbearsrelationshipwi也people’Spsychologicalmotivation.Actually,differentpersuasivestrategiesshouldadapttocorrespondingpsychologicalmotivations,thus,atlast.Atthisaspect,thethepurposeofpersuadingsomeonewouldbeachievedfunctionsofpragmaticpresuppositionstaysimilarlywithpersuasivestrategies.Sincerangewe锄.ctalkingabouttheconsumptivepsychologicalmotivationhere,hence,thedowntoaofresearchissueisnarrowedonegreatextent,however,thisareaofpsychologicalpsychology,SOmotivationiswealeofthemostcomplicatedandsignificantfieldsofgoingtodosomespecificresearchinthefollowingpartsofthedissertation,intheaimofgeRingsomefindingsinthisareaandprovidingsomeresearchdataforthefutureanalyses.Aswementionedbefore,differentaimsdeterminedistinctwaysofpersuadingandtheselectionsofpersuasivestrategi鹤andforthosepresuppositionsdemandsandsalespersons.areinfluencedbylotsoffactors,therefore,,beingdearofthefeaturesoftheobjectiveswillgreatlybehelpful,especially4.3.1PsychologicalMotivationsallFirstofall,weshouldgetOVerviewofthedefinitionoffurtherresearchonpsychologicalmotivation,andthenwe锄dotoit.Generallyspeaking,people’sinnerworldthatpsycholo酉caldrivespeoplemotivationreferstothedrivingforcewithindosomethingaccordinOy.Thedrivingforceisproducedbytheareoutsidestimulationsandtheinnerunfulfilledseinedesires.Whenpeoplestimulatedbysomethingfactors,nomattertheya他goodones饵badones,peoplewilldo48武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ac℃ordingiy,thus,thegodonesoractionstheytake,oritisbettertosaytheirbehaviorswillbecanbadones.Sincethestimulationsorbelegalonesandillegalenos,peoplewillbehaveconformingtothelawillegalarebreakingthelaw.Ofcourse,legalandoutofnottheonlypossessedfeaturesofpeople’sbehaviorstopsychologicalaremotivations.Furthermore,aspsychologicalmotivations,sincenottheyjustsomepsychologicalfactors,whichareimpelledtoactions,theyhavenodivisionboundsrelatedtolaws.Ontheotherhand,itiscommonlyhavedemandsanddesires;therefore,peopleconsciouslyacceptedthatallthepeoplewilltrytofulfilltheirneedsanddesiresandunconsciously.Somearedesirescanbefulfilledaleoutofreasons,whilesomedesiresmorelikelytobeinstinctones.Theresomeinnatedemandsrelatedtopeople'sinstinctivemotivationsincludingthoseneedsforfood,water,air,clothingandSeXetc.Theyarethebasicelementsforpeople’slife,SOtheyalethefoundationofpeople’Shigherpursuitsformaterialandspirituallife.BesidestheseprocessofgrowingupisinfluencedSOdemands,peoplehaveotherneedsacquiredinthefemale’Sinterestoffashionmagazinesasmagazinesbymanyfactorslikeculture,environment,livingexperiencesand011.Taketheanexamplehere:thefemalesreadfashionfashionandbeautifyinthepurposeofgettinginformationaboutthemselves.Thissortofdesirebelongstotheofcultureacquiredneeds,whichisthereflectionandothersocialfactors.Astotheconsumers’psychologicalfortheinstinctivemotivations,sometimesⅡleybuyproductsdemands,butmostofthetime,peopleseekfordiversifiedmaterialandspirituallife.Theconsumptivepsychologicalmotivationsofpeoplearesocomplicatedandmultifarious,thus,theymotivationswillbediscussedindetails.areworthofbeinganalyzedspecificallysortsandconcretely.Inthefollowingparts,severalofconsumptivepsychological4.3.2TheNeedforVisualEnjoymentEyesa托suchkindofessentialorgan叠formostsortsofanimals,especiallyforhutllanbeings.To80meextel|l'peoplerelymuchOnOneyesintheirdailylife,andpeoplerelyeyesto瞄theworldandtounderstandtheimagesoftheworld.Therefore,thevisualworldnI啪salottohumanbeings.Itissaidthatpeopledepend武汉理工大学硕士学位论文onvisiontogathermostpartsoftheirinformationcollection.Actually,thefashiononemagazinewediscussedinthisdissertationiskindofvisualmedia,especiallythosestaticprintadvertisementsaletypicallyvisualinformation.Generallyspeaking,therealeseveralvisualelementsinthosepIintadvertisements,includingthecolors,models,imagesandfictitiousspecialeffectsetc.However,besidestheseevidentvisualelements,thoseverbalelementsintOstaticprintadvertisementsagecapturedbyeyes,either.Aftertalkingsomuchabouttheimportanceofeyesandthegreatfunctionsofvision,WecanchangeSincepeoplerelySOanotheraspectofpsychologicalmotivationnow.muchonvisionandpeoplepreferthingsbeautifulandattractiveontOtheireyes,thus,we’dbetterdosomeresearchthepersuasivestmtegi鹤correspondingtovisualelements.things,andtheywantoneItisclearthatallthepeoplealeinfavorofbeautifulthemselvestobebeautiful,either.Onhand,fromtheaspectofpeople'sdemandsshouldconformtopeople’sofappreciatingbeautifulthings,thoseaestheticstandardshere:E.918advertisementsandbeimpressiveenoughtocatchtheirattention.AnexampleSUPREMEAUPRESeyezoneenhancer(essence)Enjoythe"oneshining.dropofessence'’aftercleaningyourfacetOmakeyoureyesbe一一脚LADY,2009,JunelThewriterwasattracteddeeplyatthefirstsightofthebeautifulmodelandthewholepicture.Thepictureismadestrictlyaccordingtotheadvertisingword∥一滴”.ThereisreallyThebackgroundonedropofwaterthereinthecolorisblack,andthecharmingmodel’sfacejustbesidetheeye.modellooksmuchmoreshiningbyme焰llisoftheshRrpchromaticaberrationbetweenblackandwhite.Ontheotherhand,peoplewanttobebeautifulandattractivethemselves.Ofeoorsc,thosefemalel'eadel'swanttobe鹤beautifulandcharming嬲thosemodelsinfashionmagazineadvertisements,thus,thoseadvertisementsshouldgivethereaders1思魅欧珀莱眼周晴采活力露珍享洁面后那靓眸的。一滴’——‘瑞丽伊人风尚’2009年6月号总第324期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文thehintiftheyl珞ethisproduct,theywillbebeautifulandglamorous,either.Anexamplehere:E.919KaneboLUNASOLeyeshadowFEELY1DU喂BEAU『1Y一嘏埘BEAUTY,2007,SeptemberlWhatisthehintoftheadvertisingwordshero?Ifyouusetheeyeshadow,youwillbebeautiful,either.TheadvertisementintendstoencourageWOIIIeIItotrythoproductandevokotheirpassionforpursuingbeautyofthemselves.Womenwillalwaysbeconvincedbythissortofwordsfullofencouragementandtemptation.Actually,faetivepresuppositionandeffectpresuppositiona托usedintheabovetwoadvertisements.Asweallknow,theskincarearoundOUreyesisespeeianyimportant,ourbecausetheskinaround0111"eycsismolefragilethanotherpartsoffaeo.Onthootherhanct,intheprocessofmakingup,eyeshadowiscrucialforthewholelookingoftheface.Astotheeffectsoftheproducts,thotwoadvertisementstendtopersuadethecon5111nel'Sfromthelookingofthemodels,actually,thomodelsa坞thebestspeakersfortheetfeetsoftheadvertisedproducts.AppealingtocommOllsenseandpersuadingbyappropriatovisualdementsintheadvertisementsa坞goingtoworkwellintheprocessofpersuasion.4.3.3TheNeedforFineQualityAetuaUy,finequalityisthebasicrequirementsofconsumers.Nowithaonewillsatisfyproductwithbadquality.Forcosmetics,ifthequalityisnot900denough,thesecurityofusingit啪notbeensured,notmentiontheeffectsofusingit.imagesfamousbuiltupwithbrands,丘neForallthefamousbrands,finoqualityisthefoundationofgoodreputation.Ifthequalityoftlaeproductscannotboensured,thereputationandgreateffortswillbedestroyedcompletely,thorefore.,forthosoqualityofproductscanbeeomidered嬲thelifelineofthobrand.1佳丽宝EITJA采骧香眼影FEELYoUR13F.ALrI'Y一‘璃丽服饰美容'21)07年9月号总第260期5l武汉理工大学硕士学位论文Forconsumers,theirneedsforfmoqualitywillileverbechangedandcannotbeignored,ifthemanufacturerswanttoe锄reputationandbuildlong-termrelationshipwitlltheconsumers.Anexamplehere:E.920PURE&MILDextrafirmingeyocfe锄ThewonderfulpowerofplantswouldbotlaonewallSWel"forbeautifyingtheSkill.…·RAYBEAUTY,2007,SeptemberlForthisbrand,thewriterh鹤sometIlingtosayaboutusingit,becamethowriteristhe附luct1lOW.Aet_Ilally,meeffectsoftheproductisreallygood,andmol"llqual时andsuitablein砸溉Fine删哆ofmeansofeffectandmorlegirlsfallinlovewi廿lthisbrand,whichisfineinmepI岱几lpposi在on'and岫bytherealgpodeffectafterusingPricepIrod:Ilct啪alwaysc0耐懈也ec0触埘鸺firstlyit.by4.3.4TheMofivatiOnofSuitableItisthefactthatmostofthefemalereadersoffashionmagazinesareordinarycitizem,SOmostofthemhave∞abilitytoaffordthoseluxm-io懈brandsadvertisedinthefashionmagazines.Fromtheaspectofpriee,∞n剐盯ners’motivationofsuitablopd∞isdeterminedbymeir粼:tIIalincx)mes.Forexample,afemalecollegestudent谢也nojobs,cv钆parttimejobs,onlygetsitishardforherthanl【stothosetoe咖mies11:棚fromherfamily,tbus’affordⅡloseluxm'io璐brandinf勰hionmagazines.Howcvelr,fashioncomideratetomag涩inoeditorswhocollectbrandswi也aⅡrangesinⅡIer船gazinesmeetdifferemdemandsofdifferentt),pesofpeople,出oseymmggirlsc眦affordsomecheepero姻withfineqIlal如toSonlctim镐也e鲥lnlenwillgiVetheadV硎s锄entsmakoSO勰togivereferencetothe删ers;ttlerefore,mec0姆u删湘锄pric鹚oftheproductsinttIeadverti暇lchoices截:∞珂ingtl把pricesandtlleirownincomes.Aetl:ually,for仪眦鳓m髓黾thoseplDIdu咖砌affontablepric魈,finequalitya耐1泊美柔润眼部紧致精华露植物美妙力蜜肌新主义一‘瑞露服饰美容>加盯年9月号总第拗期武汉理工大学硕士学位论文comparativelyfamousbrandwillbemostpersuadedfavorablytobuytheproducts.To¥unluP,nevefforgetcolLSUlllers’demandsforsuitableprices.Ifthemanufactureswanttheirgroupsofconb;l:ilnersproductstobethebestsellers,tllcy’dbetterpositionthcirSOascorrectlytobesuccessfulinthefiercemarketingcompetitions.Actually,formostoftheconsumers,priceoftheproductisalwaysthefirstfactortheywouldconsider.Consequently,suitablepriceisthemosteffectivepersuadingmethodandmostattractivefactorinpersuadingstrategies.4.3.5TheDesireforEsteemThedesireforself-esteemisanimportantfactor,whichshouldbetakenintoconsiderationofthosemanufacturers,admenandsalescorlsulnc'Tsp懿on.TojustSOmeextent,thethedesireforbuysomethingexpensiveorspecialprobablyoutofself-esteem,becausetheywanttobewanttogainmorerespectsandpraisesfromothers,ortheyforpeople’Scalldifferentfromothcra.Infact,itistheveryareasonenthusiasmtowardsfamousbrand.RisabsolutelythetruthifnotwomanaffordthebagsofPrada,shewillbuyPradabutothercomparativelylowerlevelbrands.Besides,outofsometimeswomenbuyfamousbrandsjustthedemandsoftheirassocialstatusorprofessions.Thatistosay,peoplewouldmakechoicesaccordingto血eifactualneedsofkeeptheirSOcialimages,andathatcanbeconsideredSOrtofdesireforself-esteem,either.Thereisit.’’ItiskindofbenefitsafamousadvertisingsloganforLOREAL--"youdeservecompliment,encouragementandimplicationofesteem.ItreallylotfromthesuCCe“SSofthisadvertisingslogan.Itiskindofbeliefpresuppositionhereintheadvertisement.Besides,thedesireforesteemexistseverywhereamongpeopleofdifferentgroups,nomatterwerealizeitsciIseornot,itisthetruth.Inotherwords,itisthecommollthateveryoneisdesiroustoesteem,therefore,appealingtothecommon默mseiscrucialforthe¥UCCOSSofselling.4.3.6TheMotivationtoFollowthetruthConsumptionofPopularitya坞deeplyinfluencedbythetrendofNomatterwerealizetheOfnot,we武汉理工大学硕士学位论文popularity.Whydotheyarethosefamousbrandssellwellallov盯theworld?Yes,becausetobuyfamousandpopulareverywhere.Actually,peopleprefertothosebrandswhytheyhearmoreoRenadvertisementsaresothoseunheardbrands,SOthatistheexactreasonimportantforthemanufacturersandthe跚caessinfiercemarketingcompetitions.Advertisementisthebestwaytomakethenowbrandsandnewproductsbeknownbythepublic,thus,almostallthemanufacturerswouldforfinecooperatewimsomeadvertisingcompaniestomakesomepublicity.Therefore,,iftheconsumerBcanaffordthoseadvertisamentsfamousbrands诵tllquality,theysurelywillchoosetheproductswinIthosebrands.Itisthevalueofbrands.Moreover,themotivationtofollowtheconsumptionpopularityexplainedfromthe8.sp优"tofthedesireforesteemascanbewell.Therefore,beliefpresupposition,factivepresuppositionwouldpresupposition,effectpresuppositionandpersuasivebeadoptedaccordingtotheconcreteconditionsoftheproductsandtherequirementsoftheadvertisements.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文ChapterFiveConclusionThespecificandcomparativelyintegrateanalysesofpragmaticpresuppositioninfashionmagazineadvertisementstargetingfemalecustomershavebeenmadeinthepreviouschaptersofthedissertationbymeansoftheoreticalInthefollowingpart,Wearegoingtosummarizetheanalysisandcasestudies·asmajorfindingsoftheanalysiswellasthesignificanceofit.However,duetothelimitationsofthedatasourcesandthedeficiencyofthewriter'sknowledges灯uctIlre’therestillexistthemanyproblemsofanalysis.Therefore,thewriterwillexplaintheabovepointsindetailsinthefollowingpartsintheaimofprovidingsomesuggestionsforthefurtherstudyoftheissue.5.1MajorFindingscollected-Accordingtotheaboveanalysisoftheissue,severalmajorfindingsareandwillbeillustratedfromfiveaspects.Firstofall,byme赳-lsoftheoreticalanalysis,thefeaturesandfunctionsofpragmaticpresuppositionareclearlystated.Theandtwoprincipalcharacteristicsofpragmaticpresuppositionaroappropriatenessmutualknowledge,whicharethefoundationsofcommunication.Bearingthetwoeliminatestheambiguityoffeatures,pragmaticpresuppositionutterance;thus,enablethecommunicationtocontinuepresuppositionreferstothefavorably.Actually,theappropriatenessofrelationshippragmatictobetweenpresuppositionandcontext,whichSOasmean8thatthepresuppositionshouldbecorrespondingtothecontextenablethecommunicationparticipantschangeinformationwithoutdi街culties.Ontheotherside,mutualknowledgereferstothecommonsa瞰蛇ofpeople,whichmeanstheastopragmaticpresuppositionshouldbecommunicationcontinuefavorably.ofthesharedknowledgeofpeople80makethetheSecondly,thespecificresearchonfunctions,influencesanddementsadvertisementhadbeenmadeinthepreviouschapters.Fromtheresultsofthetoknowresearcll'wegetmorethingsaboutadvertisements.Asplaysaonekindofpromotionapproaches,advertisementsignificantroleinmarket.Inordertofinishthe武汉理工大学硕士学位论文promotionworksuccessfully,advertisementsshouldbemadeaccordingthisistotheconsumptivepsychologicalmotivations,andtheadoptionofpersuasivestrategies,either.Astothemajorresearchissuebetweenpragmaticpresuppositionandfashionofthedissertation,therelationshipmagazineadvertisementstargetingfemalecustomersisevidentandcomplicated.Inpresupposition.briel,advertisementsfinishthealmsofsellingbymeal掩ofpragmaticThirdly,sincetherangeoftheresearchissueisnarroweddowntothefashionmagazineadvertisements,theanalysisadvertisementsenoughSOWasmainlybasedonthosedatacollectedfromsomepopularfashionmagazines,therefore,thefunctionsofpragmaticpresuppositioninfashionmagazinearOconcludedfromseveralaspects.Inbrief,thepragmaticpresuppositionishelpfulinmakingtheinterestingandpersuasiveFourthly,thereisadvertisementsbebrief,attractive,asto剐:fvethepromotionofsales.pointinthedissertation,whichwoulddrawtheanessentialattentionofpeople,whichistheself-aestheticconsciousnessofwomen.Actually,women’sinterestsinfashionmagazinesandfashion.Inourcanbeconsideredasthedesiresforbeautymodemsociety,womenarefreetochoosetheirownstylesoflife,includingtheirviewstowardsbeauty.Fromtheaestheticspursuitspo硫ofview,women’sreflectionsofofbeingbeautifulandfashionablearethewomen’sself-aestheticconsciousness.Lastbutnottheleast,iftheresearchissueisadvertisement,theanalysisofpersuasivestrategiesandpeople’sbeignored.Becausethefinalthus,theconsumptivepsychologicalgoalofcommercialmotivationswillneverandhighestadvertisementsistosell,advertisementsshouldbemadeaccordingtotheconsumptivepsychology.5.2SignificanceGenerallymagazineSincethespeaking,theanalysisofpragmaticpresuppositioninthefashiontargetingfemaleconsumersisquitenovelouradvertisementspopularitya聆plentifuldataandattractive.offashionmagazinesinandmodemsociety,thedata翻矾H馏oftheanalysisdiversified.Specificadvertisementsliketheresearchissue,theanalysiswillprovidenowresearchesOnfortheresearchofpragmaticpresupposition-Secondly,thewillcontributetotlmimprovementoffashionmagazine武汉理工大学硕士学位论文promotionstrategiesofthemanufacturersandprovideupswingspacesforthecreationofadmen.Meanwhile,thecolLs'RmerscanbenefitfromtheThec0碰沁郴willbecomemoreadvertisedoffese砒either.sensiblewhenfacingthoseresearchonadvertisementsandtheself-aestheticofdiversifiedproducts.11birdly,theconsciousnesswomenmayprovidenewdata¥ourc圮¥forthefurtherl"analysesaestheticsandfeminism.Atlast,theintroductionsofpersuasivestrategiesandtheadoptionsofthemaswell雒theirinfluencesonconsunlers"psychologicalatmotivationsmaybehelpfulformanufacturers,admenandconsumerstimethesame5.3LimitationsofthePresentStudyAlthoughthewriterhadpreparedforlongtimetoacollectasmuchinformationtothe勰possiblefortheanalysisofthoseresearchissuesinthedissertation,duelimitationofaccessibilitytomorefashionmagazine,especiallythosemagazines,thedatasourcesfortheresearchmaythewriterintendedtodosumeintegratenotbeabroadfashionsufficientenough.Actually,offashionmagazineandspecializedanalyseswellasadvertisements-fromgettingsomenewothercountriesasthosedomesticones,inthehopeofasdiscoveriesintherelatedal'eas,suchaccordingonthedifferentadoptionstopersuasivestrategiestodistinctculturalbackground,theinfluencesofdifferentaestheticopinionstheproducingofadvertisementsnotandSOon.Duetotheandlimitationsofasthewriterdata瓢m嬲,theresearchfindingsmayintendedtobeasspecificplentifultoget.Meanwhile,sincetherangeoftheresearchissueisthenarrowedforcasedownthefashionmagazineadvertisements,allproductsexamplespickedoutonstudiescomefromsomepopularfashionmagazines,whichfocusmainlyofcosmetics,skinnocarethoseadvertisementsandpa-fBmesetc.Thatistosay,mostofthetime,thewriterhadAlthoughthosemorechoicesofthepatternsoftheadvertisements.helpfulforthestudyoftheadvertisementsa坞almostsufficientandlimitationsofdataissue,someproblemscausedbytheBesides,asandherasuur嘲cannotbeavoided.resultofthelimitationofthewriter'sformedknowledgebackgroundaown咖nkingmodes,somepointspointsmadeinthedissertationmaybebelittlebitsubjective,thus,thosemaynotapprovedbysomeoIIcelse.However,manyasthoselimitations,thewriterhasbeenmakingeveryefforttomakethedissertationtobebetterandintegrate,inthehopeofproviding50meusefuldata¥ouro鹃forthefurtherstudyofthoserelatedterms.5.4SuggestionsfortheFutureResearchAstothesuggestionsforthefoIlher∞s以呐,thewriterwillmakethemfi-omthefollowingtwoaspects:firstof棚,thefurtherstudieswouldbetterenlargethescopeofdatasourcecollection.Ifitispossible,trytogetmoreaccessibilitytothoseoverseasversionsoffashionmagazines,ortrytoextendtherangeoftheresearchissues.Besides,theSUppOrtoftheoriesshouldbepaid瑚.0】哼attentiontoandthoseadoptedtheoriesshouldbecombinedwiththecasestudiesincloserandmorespeci舭ways,therefore,thecasestudieswillbemorepersuasiveandacceptable.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文AcknowledgementsI'dliketoexpressmysincerethankstoallthosepeoplewhohelpedmewithmytOpreparationofthethesisformymasterdegree.I'mparticularlygratefulmyacademicsupervisor,ProfessorZhuHanxiong.Withoutherwell.informedguidance,aspatientandinsightfulcriticismandsuggestions,andconstantencouragementwell,thecompletionofthethesiswouldu’tbepossible.MythanksmustbepaidtoProfessorXuZhisuoandProfessorGaoWencheng;whointriguedwouldliketOmyinterestsinsociolinguisticsandappliedandlinguistics.Besides,1showmygratitudetomyclassmatesroommatesforthoirhelpinthepastyears.Finally,Ialsofeelindebtedtomyfriendswhoalwaysgivemeandsupportsencouragements.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文Bibliography【111Auchmutey,Jim1985.Graphicchangeschartedinthemarketingtowomen.AdvertisingAge.12(Dec.):15—17.todothingswith【2】AustinJJLh(1962).Howwords瞰】.Beijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress;OxfordUniversityPress.【31Blum,Milton.PsychologyandConsumerAffairs.NewYork:Harper&Row.1977.Presuppositionand【4lBeav%D.LAs酬ollinDynamicSemantics嗍.NewYork:CSLIAdvertising嗍.Boston:RichardD.IrwinuniversalsinlanguageInc.Publications,2001.【51Bovee,C.L.&砒E1992.Arms.Contemporary【6】Brown,E&Levin∞n,S.C.(1978).Politeness:SomeCambridge:CambridgeUniversityPl蕊s.usage嗍.Hague:【71Chomsky,N.(1970).StudiesMouton.inGenerativeandOrientalLinguistics嗍.The网8【9】9Cook,G(1992).TheDiscourseofAdvertising【M】.London&NewYork:Routledge.Dyer9GAdvertisingasCommunication嗍.London:Methuen,1982.【10]Fillmore,C.J.&Langendoen,D.t(19r71).StudiesinLinguisticSemantics嗍.NewYork:Holt,RinehartandW'dson.and【1l】Frege,GOnSenseNomination嗍.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1990.Logic斌Form嗍.London:one【12】Gazdar¥G(1979).Pragmatics:Implicatute,Presupposition,andAcademicPress.【13】Oinsber舀Merle.(1996).PureGoldie:Goldie(July):106-111.Hawnisagirl'sgirl-andsmartwomalLW【14]Goddard,A.(1998).TheLanguage【15】Goffman,Erring.(1979).GenderofAdvertising嗍.LondonandNewYork:Roufledge.advertisements.NewYork:Harper&Row.【16]G妇,H.E(1975).Log沁andconversation嗍.InColeE&tLMorgan饵dB.)’Syntaxandse[1lalltics.Speechacts.NewYork:AcademicPress.【17】GuthH.E(1969).WordsaadIdeas,3rdEd.嗍.Beltimont,California:WadsworthPublishingCompany.60武汉理工大学硕士学位论文【18】Jacbson,lL(1960).ClosingStatement:LinguisticsandPoetics.StyleinLanguage.Cambridge:姗Press.【l9】Jackendoff,Ray(1976).Semanticsand【201Jacob2001.Co画缸∞D旧.CambridgeMass:MITPress.LanguageTeachingL.M哆Pragmatic【MI.Beijing:ForeignandResearchPress.【2I】JefVerschueren(2000).UnderstandingPragmaticsBeijing:ForeignResearchPress.LanguageTeachingand【22】Karttunen,L.&Peters,S.(1973).ConventionalDinnccn(eds.)1979.implicatureinMontague孕锄龇InOh&[23】Keenan,E.L(1971).Two蛐ofpresuppositionLangendoen(eds.)(1971).Formalinnaturallanguage【A】.InFillmoreandSemanticsofNaturalLanguage嗍.Cambridge:Semantics嗍Cambridge:of【矧l(1撇l乙M.(1975).PresuppositionCambridgeUniversityPress.Press.CambridgeUniversityP|嚣瞄.andtheDelimitationof【25】Lakoff,G&Johnson,M.(1980).MetaphorWeLive【M】.Chicago:TheUnitChicago【261Leech,GN.(1966).EnglishinAdvertising:.ALinguisticSmayofAdvertisinginGreatBritain【M】.London:Longman.Edition)嗍.Harmondsworth:PenguinBooks,1981.【28】Lovin∞n,StephenC.pragmatics嗍.Peking:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearch【27】Leech,GN.Semantics(SecondPress&CambridgeUniversity,200l,【291Maslow,A.(1970).MotivationandPersonality.NewYork:Harper&Row.【30]Mey,Jacob.Pragmatics:AnIntroduction[M】.Padstow:BlackweilPublishersLtd,1993.【3l】Peocei,JeanStilweH.(2000)。Pragmatics咖。Peking:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress&Routledge.【32】Perloff.1LM.(2003).TheDynamicsofPersuasion--CommunicationandAttitudesinthe21stCentury(2ridEdition)Londoil:LawrenceErlbaumAssociates,Inc,2003.【33】Petty.&E.&Cacioppo.J.T.(1981).AttitudesandPemumionClassicandContemporaryApproaches.DI出Ilq峨IA:Wm【34]Russell.J.Thomasand№WRonald.(1996).Advertising6lC.Brown.Procedure(13thEdition)嗍.NewYork:PrenticeH粗l-武汉理工大学硕士学位论文【35】Simons,H.W.(2001).PersuasioninSociety.London:SagePublications.Inc.【36]Stainaker,IL(1973).Pragmaticpresuppositions嗍.NewYork:NewYorkUniversityP】呛ss.【37]Strawson,EE.IntentionandConventioninSpeechActs.PhilosophicalReview.1952,1964.【38】SmartC.Poole.AnIntroductiontoLinguistics【M】.Beijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPr妫s。2000.co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武汉理工大学

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