第18讲 九年级Units 7－8
1．safety(n.)→safe(adj.)安全的→safely(adv.)安全地；平安地 2．bad(adj.)→badly(adv.)差；严重地
3．educate(v.)→education(n.)教育→educational(adj.)有教育意义的 4．choice(n.)→choose(v.)选择
5．value(n.&v.)价值→valuable(adj.)贵重的；宝贵的 6．noise(n.)→noisy(adj.)吵闹的；喧闹的 7．wolf(n.)→wolves(复数) 8．leader(n.)→lead(v.)带领
9．medical(adj.)→medicine(n.)药品
1．get their ears pierced 扎耳洞
2．worry about failing a test 担心考试不及格 3．pass a test 通过考试 4．talk back 回嘴；顶嘴 5．keep．..away from 远离
6．make one's own decision 自己做决定 7．get in the way of 挡„„的路 8．be serious about 对„„认真 9．run after 追逐；追赶 10．at the same time 同时
11．in a certain way 以某种方式 12．communicate with 与„„交流
1．I don't think sixteenyearolds should be allowed to drive.我认为十六岁的孩子不应该被允许开车。
2．Teenagers are too young to make their own decisions.青少年太年轻而不能自己做决定。 3．Your bedroom must be cleaned every day.你的卧室必须每天打扫。 4．We have nothing against running！我们不反对跑步！ 5．Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.只有那样我才会有机会实现我的梦想。
6．It must belong to Carla.它一定是属于卡拉的。 7．There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.必定是有什么东西光顾了我们的小区。
8．He might be running to catch a bus to work.他也许是跑着去赶公共汽车上班。 9．I think somebody must have picked it up．我想一定有人捡到它了。
►regret
【典例在线】
I regret to have to do this，but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样做，但我实在没有选择。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔告诉她我的想法。 【拓展精析】
regret作动词，意为“感到遗憾；懊悔”，作名词，意为“懊悔”。
regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事(事情未做)
regret doing sth.遗憾/后悔做了某事(事情已做) 【活学活用】
1)He regretted breaking (break) the window of the classroom yesterday afternoon. 2)I regret to_tell (tell) you that Jack is ill in hospital. ►chance
【典例在线】
I'll have a chance of visiting Beijing.
＝I'll have a chance to visit Beijing.我将有一次游览北京的机会。 That's a good chance for you.对你来说那是个好机会。 【拓展精析】
chance可数名词，意为“机会”，其后常跟动词不定式或of引导的介词短语。有时也跟介词for。
have a chance to do sth.＝have a chance of doing sth.有做某事的机会 【活学活用】
3)This is a good chance of showing (show) your talent.Please take it!
4)If you work harder，you'll have another __B__ to play the violin at a concert.(2014，天津) A．sleep B．chance C．mistake D．problem ►prevent
【典例在线】
We should try our best to prevent accidents.我们应当尽力防止事故发生。
Nothing can prevent/stop/keep us from reaching our aims.什么也阻止不了我们达到我们的目的。
【拓展精析】
prevent动词，意为“阻止；阻挠”，常用于词组prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth.中，意为“阻止某人做某事”，与stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth.和keep sb./sth.from doing sth.同义，可互换使用。
【活学活用】
5)—What can we do to __A__ bird flu from spreading? —Try not to buy or eat chicken that have not been checked.(2013，泉州) A．prevent B．cause C．discover
►Sixteenyearolds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.十六岁的青少年应该被允许穿耳洞。
【典例在线1】
Teenagers shouldn't be allowed to smoke.青少年不应该被允许吸烟。 【拓展精析1】
该句为含有情态动词的被动语态，其构成为：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。 【典例在线2】
I'll go to have my hair cut tomorrow.我明天要去把我的头发剪了。
The boss always gets the workers to work day and night.这个老板总是让工人们夜以继日地工作。
【拓展精析2】
句型get sth.done意为“使得„„被„„”，在此结构中，sth.与done之间为被动关系。此结构除get外，还有have。
get sb.to do sth.“让某人做某事”，相当于have sb.do sth.。
【活学活用】
1)The dictionary may __B__ for three weeks.(2014，泸州) A．keep B．be kept
C．borrow D．be borrowed
2)—When are you going to have your hair __A__？ —This afternoon.
A．cut B．cuts C．cutting D．to cut
►There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood，but what is it？一定是有什么东西闯入了我们的小区，但它是什么呢？
【典例在线】
There is a boy sitting under the tree.有一个男孩在树下坐着。 【拓展精析】
在“there be＋主语＋v.ing形式”结构中，情态动词可用在there和be中间表推测或判断。其中v.ing用作定语，修饰前面的主语，相当于一个定语从句。
【活学活用】
3)There is something __C__ to get in the window.(2013，安顺) A．try B．tries C．trying D．tried
4)There __B__ a teacher and many students ________ games in the classroom. A．are；play B．is；playing C．have；to play
►may，might，can，could，must，can't
【典例在线】
He may know.他可能知道。
The French book might be Kathy's.She studies French.这本法语书可能是凯西的。她学法语。
It's true that some ads can be very useful.有些广告可能非常有用，这是真的。 He could be running for exercise.他可能正在跑步锻炼。
The notebook must be Ming's.It has her name on it.这个笔记本一定是明的。上面有她的名字。
The shirt can't be John's.It's much too small for him.这件衬衫不可能是约翰的。它对他来说太小了。
【拓展精析】
may表示现在或将来的可能性，意为“可能”；might表示更加怀疑和不肯定。 could表示可能推测，意为“可能”。
must表肯定推测，意为“一定是；肯定是”，只用在肯定句中。 can't表否定推测，意为“不可能是”。
【活学活用】
1)—Whose is the dictionary?
—It __A__ be Alice's.Look at her name on the cover.(2014，邵阳)
A．must B．can C．may
2)—Hi，Mike.I saw Jim in the zoo just now.
—It __A__ be him.He has gone to Beijing.(2014，凉山) A．can't B．must C．mustn't D．can
3)Our teacher __C__ be in the office.But I'm not sure. A．must B．can't C．may D．should
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．People often help each other in our community (社区)． 2．You should learn to manage (应付) things by yourselves. 3．Children went on a picnic and played in the field (田野)．
4．My father is a policeman (男警察)．He is always ready to help people who are in trouble. 5．There used to be lots of wolves (狼) in Inner Mongolia.
6．His family and friends have given her lots of support (支持)．
7．My sister is interested in medical (医学的) science.She wants to be a great doctor in the future.
8．The noise (噪音) on the street always makes me feel terrible.
二、根据句意选择方框中的单词并用其适当形式填空。
choose，decision，educate，safe，land，energy，position 9．Safety comes first！We should obey the traffic rules.
10．The young man is full of energy．He can lift that big box. 11．I should be allowed to make decisions myself. 12．She was a woman of high position in the government.
13．Parents should educate their children to take care of themselves. 14．I think I should be allowed to choose clothes for myself.
15．The plane will take off from Beijing Airport and land in America.
三、单项选择。 16．The girl in the classroom __C__ be Maria.She called me from the library just now.(2014，内江)
A．mustn't B．may not C．can't D．needn't 17．Teenagers __A__ allowed to drive.(2013，衡阳) A．should not be B．should be not C．not should be
18．—Are these stamps __B__？
—No，they are not mine.They belong to ________.(2013，牡丹江) A．you；him B．yours；him C．yours；his
19．My cousin gave up the chance of working abroad and returned to his hometown.(选出能代替画线部分的一项)__A__
A．opportunity B．challenge C．experience
20．There __A__ a girl singing next door.Can't you hear beautiful voice？(2014，兰州) A．must be B．must have C．can't be D．can't have
四、按要求完成下列句子。
21．The man near the tree must be Mr.White.(改为否定句) The man near the tree can't be Mr.White. 22．Boys and girls，we should take care of the books in the library.(改为被动语态) Boys and girls，the books in the library should be taken care of． 23．森林可以阻止风把土壤吹走。(翻译句子)
Forests can prevent wind from blowing the earth away.
24．杰克的父母认为成为志愿者妨碍了他的学业。(翻译句子)
Jack's parents believe that being a volunteer gets in the way of his schoolwork. 25．他开始追赶那辆公共汽车。 He started to run after the bus.
议论文的写作
一、议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场和看法的一种文体。
议论文有三要素：论点、论据和论证。
中学阶段英语议论文结构相对固定简单，通常为： 1．在导语部分开门见山，直接提出要讨论的问题。 2．在正文部分对所提问题进行事例论证。
3．在结论部分进行总结、归纳，并提出自己的观点。
写议论文要考虑论点，考虑用什么作论据来证明、怎样来论证和得出结论。它可以是先提出一个总论点，然后分别进行论述，分析各个分论点，最后得出结论；或者先引述一个故事，一段对话，或描写一个场面，再一层一层地从事实中分析出道理，归纳引申出一个新的结论；也可以在文章开头先提出一个人们关心的问题，然后一一作答，逐层深入；还可以把两个不同事物以对立的方式提出来加以比较、对照，然后得出结论。
二、具体写作中要注意下列几点：
1．议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水。
2．议论时可以采用不同的方法。如：可以摆出正反两方面观点，进行对比；也可引经据典论证自己观点的正确性，从而使读者接受自己的观点；亦可提出一种错误的观点然后论证其错误，最终提出正确的观点。正文部分是写作的重点，论证方法可用归纳法、推理法、比较法等。
3．在结论部分必须表明作者的观点，对讨论的问题做出总结。 三、写作典例。(2013，台州)
对于“碰到作业困难时是否向老师请教”的问题，同学们持有不同的观点，请你根据下表内容的提示，用英语写一篇短文，陈述同学们的观点及理由，并谈谈你的观点及理由，发表在校园网的论坛上。
观点 向老师请教 ◆增加与老师交流的机会 不向老师请教 ◆怕被同学嘲笑 你的观点及理由：„„(理由至少2条，不能重复已给 的理由) 注意：
理由 ◆老师讲解得清楚，易于理解 ◆性格内向，羞于开口
1．短文必须包括表中的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2．开头已给出，不计入总词数，你只需接着写； 3．词数：80—100。
参考词汇：explain clearly，communicate with，be laughed at
【范文欣赏】
The_students_of_our_class_have_different_ideas_about_whether_we_ask_teachers_for_help_with_homework_problems.Those who prefer to ask teachers for help think that teachers can explain clearly，and it will be a good chance to communicate with teachers.However，some disagree.On the one hand，they are too shy to ask teachers for help.On the other hand，they are afraid of being laughed at by others.
As for me，I would like to ask teachers for help.I can get more ways for my study.It is easier to solve the problems with their help，and I can save more time in homework.Teachers can help me a lot.
,请完成考点跟踪突破18 )
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