（以do为例） 时态 一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时一般将来时现在完成时过去进行时过去将来时用 途 动 词 形 式 时 间 状 语 及 副 词 表示经常性、反复性、习惯性、原形或第三人sometimes、often、always、every+…等 客观性的动作或称单数：do/does 状态 表示现时正在进行的动作或打算要的动作 am/are/is+现在分词（doing） now 及 Look 、Listen等提示的句子 表示过去时间里发生或存在的动作或状态 yesterday(morning/afternoon/evening) , 过去式（did） last night/year/week， the day/night before, two days ago等 am/are/is going
tomorrow(morning/afternoon/evening), 表示将来、计to +原形（do） 划、打算发生存next day(morning/day/year等)， 在的动作或状态 will/shall +原形the day after tomorrow, in two days 等。 （do） 表示过去已完never、already、just、yet、before及由成的动作对现在have/has +过去的影响或过去延for/since引导的一般时间，How long提问的问续到现在的动作分词（done） 句。 或状态 表示过去某时were/was +现在过去的确定时间，如this time yesterday,或由刻正在进行的动分词（doing） when/while等引导的时间状语从句 作 表示从过去某时刻看来将要发to+原形（do） 上下文确定或在宾语从句中 生或存在的动作would/should +或状态 原形（do） were/was going 1
过去完成时表示过去某动at、before等构成的短语及when、before作或时间前已发had +过去分词by、生完成的动作或（done） 等引导的从句，在宾语从句中， 状态
例句：
1. He often reads magazines after class.
2. Tom always wants to go swimming in summer. 3. Lucy has a twin sister Lily.
4. There is a big tree in front of our classroom.
5. People sometimes make friends by doing exercise. 6. We have an English class on Mondays. 7. The boy is tall.
8. Three times three is nine.
9. We began to learn English two years ago. 10. I was glad to get your letter.
11. When Edison was a child, he often asked questions. 12. I will be here at ten o’clock tomorrow. 13. I am going to see him next Tuesday. 14. Shall I open the window? 15. I am writing a letter now.
16. We are preparing for the exams. 17. He is leaving for Beijing next week. 18. The rain has stopped already.
19. I have never seen such a film before. 20. I haven’t seen him for three days. 21. He has lived here since 1992. 22. I have seen this film three times.
23. What were you doing at 9:30 yesterday morning? 24. I was writing while he was reading. 25. He said he would go to Shanghai soon.
26. We had learnt over 1200 words by the end of last term. 27. He had gone home before I got to his office. 28. He said he had returned the book to the library. 练习：用所给的动词的适当形式填空。 1. He always (go) to school by bus.
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2. –Where is Tom?
--He (mend) his bike in the garden. 3. Mr. Wang (leave) Shanghai more than 10 years ago. Last week he flew back, and was surprised to see that Shanghai (change) a lot. He said he (spend) the rest of his live here. 4. We (help) the farmers with the apple picking last week. 5. My aunt (work) in the hospital for 8 years. 6. The rain (stop). Shall we go on with our volleyball match? 7. Xiao Ming (write) a letter to his friend last night.
8. Your mother (wash) clothes when I came to your home yesterday.
9. He (wait) for me since I went out. 10. He said he (see) the film before.
11. It’s six o’clock now, Jack (deliver) newspapers. 12. The postcard (cost) me twenty Yuan. 13. you (visit) the museum tomorrow? 14. When the first bus (start) in the morning?
15. I (not finish) the novel(小说), but it’s time (give)
back.
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初中英语被动语态用法小结
一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如：Many people speak Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语English是动词speak的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is/are＋spoken 一般过去时：was／were＋spoken 一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken
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过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken 现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken 过去完成时：had been + spoken 三、被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。 （2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
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五、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成。
We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. It should be done at once.
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