logistics distribution center location factors:
(1) the goods distribution and quantity. This is the distribution center and distribution of the object, such as goods source and the future of distribution, history and current and future forecast and development, etc. Distribution center should as far as possible and producer form in the area and distribution short optimization. The quantity of goods is along with the growth of the size distribution and constant growth. Goods higher growth rate, the more demand distribution center location is reasonable and reducing conveying process unnecessary waste.
(2) transportation conditions. The location of logistics distribution center should be close to the transportation hub, and to form the logistics distribution center in the process of a proper nodes. In the conditional, distribution center should be as close to the railway station, port and highway.
(3) land conditions. Logistics distribution center covers an area of land in increasingly expensive problem today is more and more important. Is the use of the existing land or land again? Land price? Whether to conform to the requirements of the plan for the government, and so on, in the construction distribution center have considered.
(4) commodities flow. Enterprise production of consumer goods as the population shift and change, should according to enterprise's better distribution system positioning. Meanwhile, industrial products market will transfer change, in
order to determine the raw materials and semi-finished products of commodities such as change of flow in the location of logistics distribution center should be considered when the flow of the specific conditions of the relevant goods.
(5) other factors. Such as labor, transportation and service convenience degree, investment restrictions, etc.
How to reduce logistics cost，enhance the adaptive capacity and strain capacity of distribution center is a key research question of agricultural product logistics distribution center．At present，most of the research on logistics cost concentrates off theoretical analysis of direct factors of logistics cost, and solves the problem of over-high logistics Cost mainly by direct channel solution．This research stresses on the view of how to loeate distribution center, analyzes the influence of locating distribution center on logistics cost．and finds one kind of simple and easy location method by carrying on the location analysis of
distribution center through computer modeling and the application of Exeel．So the location of agricultural product logistics distribution center can be achieved scientifically and reasonably, which will attain the goal of reducing logistics cost, and have a decision．making support function to the logisties facilities and planning of agricultural product．
The agricultural product logistics distribution center deals with dozens and even hundreds of clients every day, and transactions are made in high-frequency. If the distribution center is far away from other distribution points，the moving and transporting of materials and the collecting of operational data is inconvenient
and costly. costly．The modernization of agricultural product logistics s distribution center is a complex engineering system，not only involves logistics technology, information technology, but also logistics management ideas and its methods，in particular the specifying of strategic location and business model is essential for the constructing of distribution center. How to reduce logistics cost，enhance the adaptive capacity and strain capacity of distribution center is a key research question of agricultural product logistics distribution center. The so—called logistics costs refers to the expenditure summation of manpower, material and financial resources in the moving process of the goods．such as loading and unloading，conveying，transport，storage，circulating，processing, information processing and other segments. In a word。the logistics cost is the cost of completing all logisties activities．And the responsibility of reducing 109isties cost not only relies on the logistics section，but also on the establishment of”business strategy”to a great extent．In chain operation．to lower total logistics cost of distribution center is a strong support of chain supermarket’s”profit”. The logistics cost in chain operation occupies a large proportion of the cost of the entire 2
circulation．The chain supermarket company’s logistics cost in developed countries such as The United States．Japan and Europe usually accounts for 4-6％of the sales．The logistics cost of cold storage distribution (including frozen，chilled) is 2．5 times the logistics cost of normal temperature distribution．If the special attention is not paid to the accounting of logistics cost of distribution center, it would like to bring the serious consequence to the enterprise．
The best location of agricultural product logistics distribution center should be located nearby “River Garden” through above computer modeling analysis; it is the minimum transport cost from each of 5 points to the location. There are many uncertain factors difficult to be measured in actual applications, which can be solved by adjusting transport rat Ri. This location can basically meet the demand. he key of the model’s application is the accurate substitution of the maps, and it is not difficult to figure out．In actual logistics practice，possibly involving tens or even hundreds of distribution points，the use of computer methods will be very valuable。Theoretically speaking，although its precision has certain error；compared to the traditional location method depending on subjective imagination．it is scientific somewhat．Additionally, the above-mentioned method is concise，and no advanced computer programming technology is needed，as long as with certain computer knowledge and operating skills，anyone can complete it，and easily apply it to logistics practice．Experiences from abroad shows that the correct location of agricultural product logistics distribution center will help the healthy and Orderly development of logistics industry．
The rapid industrialization and growth of many countries around the world has spurred the development of supply chains management reach around the world. Supply chain management is the management which increases the value of supply chain. It is the process of plan, moderateness and control among departments and organizations in the whole supply chain to the flow of goods, information and capital etc. Its purpose is to maximize net value and increase operational efficiency and effectiveness to all related process through system optimization.
Supply chain management is the high stage of logistics development, which provide opportunities for manufacturers to cut costs and be closer to emerging and 3
high growth markets but it has also created new risks. As supply chains become more and more dependent on the efficient of logistics center in supply chain have great influence to the modern logistics. It play an important role in making use of logistic resources, upgrading logistics technology and logistics equipment, improving quality of service, improving logistics investment environment, promoting the growth of the third party logistics provider. In addition, the site selection of logistics distribution center is an important part of logistics planning, and the quality of site selection program has a directly influence to service cost and scope of the whole logistics system.
Our model is a variant of the standard fixed charge capacitated facility location models with several sources; which has the same constraints but uses a non-linear objective function to capture the operational aspects of lead times and service level explicitly. As site selection of logistics distribution center is a discrete combinatorial optimization problem. In this paper, we discuss the use of genetic algorithms (GA) for solving the site selection problem. The advantage of GA is that their chromosomes representations depend on the constraints and not the objective function. Thus, by modifying only the fitness function, we can use a given representation to develop GA to optimize different objectives under the same constraints.
Site selection of logistics distribution centers is a kind of NP hard
problem． When the number of vendors and delivers crease，the complexity of the problem grows in the form of exponential． At the process of site selection，this paper consider the factors among vendors，dealers，distribution centers and the optimization problems under supply chain management etc and design me solution model and test the model with mat lab at last． At present， the theoretical study and practical application of the optimization problem is relatively less for the system of Site selection under me whole supply chain
management． So，this paper proposes the practice model of the problem and test it with GA has a center significance of research. However, this paper simplifies the cost of delivery path, the impact of certain storage management strategy and administrative measures to site selection of distribution centers are not considered too, etc. Those problems are all the focus in our future study.
The iron and steel industry has enormous logistics components; it is under constant pressure to shorten delivery time, improve quality, reduce cost, and improve service. Therefore, how to control the logistics costs under the existing condition is the urgent problem for the iron and steel enterprises.
In recent years, many researchers have conducted studies on Logistics Cost Management. For cost control of iron and steel enterprises, these studies mainly took the viewpoint of production logistics and production techniques.
As present, the logistics cost control of small and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises mainly have the following major problems:
In order to prevent interruption of the supply of raw materials, the enterprises overstock raw material and work in progress.The inventory of raw materials, semi-finished products, and purchased components is determined according to stock requirement, rather than driven by the orders books.After decades of development, production logistics situation has become more complicated. It has brought more and more challenges to the day-to-day business operation and planning of the enterprises.
We assume that the production capacity of enterprises can fully meet the needs of the market; the location and sales volume of each wholesaler and its customers have been identified; and the location of resources and the volume of resources have been identified; the finished work to the logistics center can be ignored; and the delivery fee from the logistics center to the wholesalers and customers is constant.
The supply and distribution networks and demand volume of CW Group are as shown in Fig.1. According to the logistics center location model in (2),the
longitude and latitude coordinates are calculated as(105.7,26.5). Thus, the logistics center is to be built at Longquan in Chengdu. In 2006, CW Group Corporation has developed a complete logistics distribution map, established a database of its distributed inventory, rationalized the company’s external transportation routes, optimized the flow of goods and materials, continued to reduce the rate of empty vehicles and improved efficiency, integrated the logistics resources in Lianjie, Zizhong, Longquan, Xichang, and Chongqing, and optimized the logistics transportation costs.
Based on the concept of a logistics center, the corporation has formed integrated logistics infrastructure using Longquan as the center, and projecting its capability to 5
as far afield as Yunnan,Guizhou,Shanxi,Chongqing and other provinces, integrating road, railway, warehousing and distribution service. It has achieved a logistics operating revenue of 277 million Yuan (RMB) and a profit of 12.5 million Yuan in 2006. The third-party logistics group has achieved a 1.75 million Yuan revenue outside the corporation.
This paper establishes a logistics center location model to optimize the enterprises logistics network and reduce inventory and transportation costs.This paper also provides a case study, showing that this method can effectively enhance the logistics cost control of small and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises and effectively reduce the company’s transportation and logistics operating costs.
6
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容