⼀般过去时态（1）基本⽤法
1. ⼀般过去时通常⽤来表⽰过去发⽣的动作或存在的状况。如：--- Where were you last week? 上周你在哪⼉？
--- I was at my uncle's home in the countryside. （上周）我在乡下的叔叔家。
2. 有些情况，发⽣时间没有明确标明，但实际上是过去发⽣的，应⽤过去时态；另外，在谈到已故去的⼈时，也多⽤过去时。如：
He bought a cat, and now they are good friends. 他买了⼀只猫，现在他们是好朋友了。Lu Xun was a great writer. 鲁迅是⼀位伟⼤的作家。（2）时间状语
与⼀般过去时连⽤的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）, last night（昨晚）, last week（上个星期）, four days ago（四天前）,in 2002（在2002年）, just now（刚才）, the day before yesterday（前天）等。如：He went to the park yesterday. 她昨天去了花园。I was ten years old in 2001. 我2001年才10岁。（3）动词的过去式
在⼀般过去时态中会涉及到动词的过去式，⼤家要掌握规则动词的过去式的变化规则。其基本的变化规则如下：①⼀般情况下，在动词原形后直接ed。如：play –played , look –looked 。②以e结尾的动词在其后加d。如：like –liked, use –used。
③与辅⾳字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i 再加ed。如：carry –carried, marry - married。
④以重读闭⾳节（或r⾳节）结尾，末尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母时，双写这个辅⾳字母，再加ed。如： stop –stopped, prefer –preferred。
当然，刚才提到的都是规则动词的构成，我们还学过许多不规则动词的过去式形式。如：am –was, are –were, put –put, see –saw, eat –ate等，这些可需要我们在课下牢牢记住哟！⼀般现在时态⼀、定义与讲解
⼀般现在时：表⽰经常性的事情，经常性的动作或⼀般性事实。⼆、⼀般现在时的⽤法
表⽰经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态；表⽰客观事实或普遍真理；在时间、条件等状语从句中，⽤现在时表⽰将来；在某些以here，there开头的句⼦中，⽤⼀般现在时表⽰正在发⽣的动作
三、时间状语：often 经常，usually通常，always 总是，every每个，sometimes 有时，at …在⼏点钟只有在第三⼈称单数⽤动词的“三单变化”，其他⽤动词的原形。动词三单变化规则：
1.多数在动词后＋s play —plays like —likes（1）直接在动词词尾加-s.
ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays
（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.
watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes do---doesgo---goes pass---passes
（3）以“辅⾳字母加- y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies
四、⼀般现在时的结构⼀般现在时的结构
肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式
I work. Do you work? I don't work. Don't you work? You work. Do you work? You don't work. Don't you work? We work. Doyou work? We don't work. Don't you work? They work. Do they work? They don't work. Don't they work?He(She,It) works. Does he(she,it)work?
He(She,It) doesn'twork.
Doesn't he(she it)work?
现在进⾏时态⼀、概念、
现在进⾏时表说话时正在进⾏或发⽣的动作,也可表⽰当前⼀段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进⾏的动作．结构：助动词be ( am / is / are ) +现在分词.⼆、现在分词的构成：
1.⼤多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing．
Eg: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , think-thinking2.如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,
如come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using．3. 如果动词只有⼀个元⾳字母,⽽其后跟有⼀个辅⾳字母时,将此辅⾳字母双写,再加-ing如：hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting．
4. 如果动词有两个⾳节,且重⾳在第⼆个⾳节上,则末尾的辅⾳字母须双写,再加-ing,
如: for’get-forgetting, pre’fer-preferring,up’set-upsetting．试⽐较’benefit/benfi ting, ’differ/differing,’profit/profiting,这些词的重⾳在第⼀个⾳节上,因此其末尾的辅⾳字母不双写．
5. 以-ic 结尾的动词,应先把-ic 变为-ick,再加-ing, eg: panic/panicking,picnic/picnicking,但lie/lying ,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊变化要记住．三、句型结构：
1.现在进⾏时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词be ( is / am / are ) 上．1)现在进⾏时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分I am singing . They are writing .
2)现在进⾏时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They aren’t writing .
3）⼀般疑问句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主语+doing+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren’t .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren’t .
4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答).
3.说明: 不是所有动词都能⽤现在进⾏时态的,如：see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不⽤进⾏时态．四．⽤法：
1.表⽰现在( 指说话⼈说话时) 正在发⽣的事情．往往与now,at the moment,just 等副词连⽤,以⽰强调．We are waiting foryou？What are you doing?Some one’s knocking at the door．
2.正在进⾏着的动作可视为未完成的动作。He’s talking to his friends in the classroom. 可⽤still ⼀词强调动作的持续性He’sstill talking to his friends in the classroom.
3. 表⽰长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进⾏．
Mr. Black is writing another article. Don’t take that book away. Your father’s using it. She is learning piano under Mr. Black.4.现在进⾏时可⽤来表⽰不会长期发⽣的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进⾏的动作或存在的情况：What’s your brother doing these days? He’s studying English at Oxford University.5.现在进⾏时也可以⽤来表⽰当前的动向：
People are becoming more and more beautiful these days.6. 表⽰渐变的动词有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin等．
The leaves are turning brow. It’s getting colder and colder. 7.与always,constantly,forever 等词连⽤,表反复发⽣的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话⼈的主观⾊彩．You are always changing your mind.
8. 现在进⾏时(以及be going to）可以表⽰为将来安排好的活动和事件We’re spending next winter in China. ⽤
arrive,come,go,leave 等动词的现在进⾏时描写⾏程安排,也通常有“将到达”和“将离去”的意思：He’s arriving tomorrowmorning.
9.当现在进⾏时表⽰某事发⽣的次数过多时,则有时含有抱怨,讨厌,赞扬等的意思：He is always singing at night,and we can’t fall asleep late at night.⼀、写出下列动词的过去式：1.go______2. enjoy_________3.teach_______4.write________5. have______6.is(am)_____7.are_______
8. want_______
9. talk_______ 10.eat________
11.carry________ 12. take________ 13. do______ 14. get_____ 15. catch_______⼆、⽤所给动词正确形式填空。
1. My mother ________(buy) a lot of postcards yesterday.2. The twins_________(be) thirteen years old two years ago.3. I ______ (get) up at half past six this morning.4. Jim _______(help) an old man carry his bag just now.5. There ______(be) a King many years ago.6. Did you ______(have) a test yesterday?7. I ________(come) to school at seven yesterday.8. Once he _________(be) a shop assistant.
9. The bat _______(like) sleeping in the day and ______ (fly) out for food at night.10.---Where does Mr. Lin_______(live)? ---He _______(live) in the USA.11. Mother always ______(do) some washing after meals.12.The twins _________ (wear) a pair of glasses every day.13. A plane always _______(fly) high in the sky.
14.Grandpa usually __________(get) up early in the morning.15. The two writers __________(visit) each other once a year.16.I ________(play) football every day.三、选择填空。
( ) 1. My parents were having supper when I _____ back home.A. comeB. cameC. comingD. comes
( ) 2. My sister ____ the Youth League last year.A. joinB. joinsC. joinedD. joining
( ) 3. Father ______ his coat and went out.A. put onB. puts onC. putted on
D. puted on
( ) 4. The teacher _____ me a question just now.A. askB. askedC. askingD. asks
( ) 5. This is my ninth birthday and I _____ eight years old last year.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are
( ) 6. Did you ______ a letter to me last month?A. writeB. writesC. writingD. wrote
( ) 7. Mother ______ a story about a hungry wolf yesterday.A. tellB. toldC. tellsD. telling
( ) 8. --- What did he do last week?--- He _______ his grandparents.A. visitsB. visitedC. is visitingD. visit
( ) 9. She picked up the apples and ______ it back to the old man.A. giveB. givesC. gaveD. is gaving
( ) 10. I ______ to the teacher, but I didn’t ______ her.A. listen, heardB. listened, heard
C. listened, hearD. listen, hear四、句型转换：
1. They visit us every day.(⽤yesterday 替换every day改写) They ________ ________ yesterday.
2. He arrives late every day. (⽤last Monday 替换every day改写) He __________ _____ ______ ________.3. I had an English class last Friday.(改为⼀般疑问句)_______ you _______ an English class last Friday?4. It rained hard last night.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________5. They played volley-ball yesterday afternoon.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________
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